Céramiques dentaires

The properties of ceramic materials including biocompatibility, stability, durability and optical qualities have resulted in new clinical applications. With more and more materials being introduced it is important that dentists understand the variety available and the factors which will contribute to the success or failure of the restoration. When faced with the task of evaluating a new or alternative ceramic system you should have a number of question in mind : the flexural strenght, tooth reduction needed, aesthetic, marginal fit, abrasivity, clinical studies support and cost. For the last ten years, the application of high-technology process to dental ceramics allowed for the development of new materials such as heat-pressed, injection-molded and slip-cast ceramics . This paper review advances in new materials and process available for ceramic restoration. The most recent ceramic materials are review including leucite, alumina, spinel and zirconia. An overview of mechanical propertes is included. The automatic production methods for dental restorations, the high quality of the materials used have opened up new possibilities in therapy, the current state of analog and CAD/CAM systems is described and analysed to make an informed decision and maximize clinical success. Research is continuing to develop materials which are strong, aestheticand suitable for multiple applications, including crowns, bridges, inlays and onlays.