不对称政治的伦理

IF 1.6 2区 哲学 Q2 ETHICS Politics Philosophy & Economics Pub Date : 2022-11-07 DOI:10.1177/1470594X221133445
A. Lovett
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引用次数: 1

摘要

极化通常是不对称的。一个政治行动者变得激进,其结果就会在整个政治体系中产生反响。这就是当代美国政治中产生深刻分歧的原因:共和党激进化。共和党官员开始使用极端的立法策略。共和党选民因为蔑视他们的政治对手和捍卫自己的社会优越感而变得活跃起来。该党作为一个整体发起了一场广泛的选民压制运动,其成员在面对选举失败时支持暴力。这篇论文是关于这种不对称极化如何影响其他人的义务。我的核心主张是,两种关系——公民友谊和非从属关系——支撑着批判性民主规范。共和党人的不当行为切断了两党公民之间的友谊。他们的威权主义使他们丧失了不服从的权利。前者意味着非共和党人不需要以公共理由为政策辩护。后者削弱了共和党在失去权力时享有少数人否决权的主张,并给了他们的对手不遵守共和党在掌权时制定的法律的理由。更一般地说,当一个政治行动者违反民主政治的适当规范时,他们的反对派不受这些规范的约束。
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The ethics of asymmetric politics
Polarization often happens asymmetrically. One political actor radicalizes, and the results reverberate through the political system. This is how the deep divisions in contemporary American politics arose: the Republican Party radicalized. Republican officeholders began to use extreme legislative tactics. Republican voters became animated by contempt for their political rivals and by the defense of their own social superiority. The party as a whole launched a wide-ranging campaign of voter suppression and its members endorsed violence in the face of electoral defeat. This paper is about how such asymmetric polarization affects everyone else’s obligations. My core claim is that two kinds of relationship – civic friendship and non-subordination – underpin critical democratic norms. Republican misbehavior has severed cross-partisan civic friendships. Their authoritarianism forfeits their claim to non-subordination. The former means that non-Republicans need not justify policy on public grounds. The latter undercuts Republicans’ claim to enjoy minority vetoes when out of power and it gives their rivals reason to disobey the laws that Republicans make when they are in power. More generally, when one political actor contravenes the proper norms of democratic politics, their opposition is not bound by those norms.
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来源期刊
CiteScore
1.60
自引率
0.00%
发文量
20
期刊介绍: Politics, Philosophy & Economics aims to bring moral, economic and political theory to bear on the analysis, justification and criticism of political and economic institutions and public policies. The Editors are committed to publishing peer-reviewed papers of high quality using various methodologies from a wide variety of normative perspectives. They seek to provide a distinctive forum for discussions and debates among political scientists, philosophers, and economists on such matters as constitutional design, property rights, distributive justice, the welfare state, egalitarianism, the morals of the market, democratic socialism, population ethics, and the evolution of norms.
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