Article of Significant Interest Selected from This Issue by the Editors

Effective Nanovaccines Protect against Lethal Burkholderia pseudomallei Infection Burkholderia pseudomallei, causative agent of melioidosis, exhibits high morbidity and mortality in humans. There are currently no vaccines available, and treatment options are limited. In the study by Muruato et al. (e00206-17), reverse vaccinology methods were used to identify novel, seroreactive Burkholderia antigens. Nanovaccines containing these proteins and Burkholderia lipopolysaccharide (LPS) generated high anti-protein and anti-LPS antibody titers in mice. One of these novel proteins, FlgL, provided 90% protection against lethal B. pseudomallei respiratory infection. Importantly, animals demonstrated a significant decrease in lung bacterial colonization compared to controls. These findings support further testing and development of nanovaccines against melioidosis.