Optimal use of spironolactone for treatment of heart failure.

Spironolactone has recently been shown to have a favorable impact on the prognosis and functional status of patients with left ventricular systolic dysfunction and severe symptoms who are receiving standard therapy. However, participants in clinical studies of spironolactone represent a selected group. Clinicians managing a less selected group must be mindful of selection criteria and appropriate methods to monitor patients who are initiated on these medications. In this review, two case studies are described that demonstrate the importance of careful selection of candidates for spironolactone, the need for close laboratory and symptom monitoring, and the need for patients' active participation in reporting changes in their clinical status. (c)2001 CHF, Inc.