柴油缸内二级燃烧对其各项指标的影响

A. Prokhorenko, S. Kravchenko, E. Solodky, M. Shelestov
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引用次数: 0

摘要

柴油机缸内采用两级喷油是降低其运行噪声和减少废气中氮氧化物排放的有效手段。在这项工作中,计算实验研究是基于一种方法,其中部分实验指标被其数值综合结果所取代,使用发动机气缸过程的数学建模进行。研究在一台配备高压供油系统的实验性单缸发动机Ch8.8/8.2上进行。建立并确定了实验发动机气缸内工作过程的数学模型。在研究两段燃烧对发动机指标过程的影响时,决定燃油燃烧规律的参数,即燃油主段和先导段开始喷射的角度发生了变化。结果表明,循环指标效率的数值几乎与燃油主体在恒定点火力矩下预燃时刻曲轴转角的引入和推进无关。然而,减小驾驶员燃油喷射的启动角度会导致循环最大压力pz和最大压力上升速率的增加,从而导致发动机噪声的增加。实验证明,将曲轴向主转20度,使燃料产生预燃,在不显著降低平均指示压力和降低pz值和dr/dφmax值的情况下,可以开始点燃燃料的主部分。导油部分喷射的合理提前角为10…转动曲轴12度,注入主体部分。结果表明,在维持平均指示压力水平和降低最大循环压力的同时,采用10% ~ 25%循环进给量的预燃措施可以降低发动机的噪声水平。
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EFFECT OF TWO-STAGE FUEL COMBUSTION IN DIESEL CYLINDER ON ITS INDICATOR INDICATORS
The use of two-stage fuel injection into the diesel cylinder is an effective means of reducing the noise of its operation and reducing emissions of nitrogen oxides with exhaust gases. In this work, a computational-experimental study is based on a method in which part of the experimental indicator is replaced by the results of its numerical synthesis, performed using mathematical modeling of processes in the engine cylinder. The research was carried out on an experimental single-cylinder engine Ch8.8/8.2, equipped with a high-pressure fuel supply system. The mathematical model of working processes in the cylinder of the experimental engine is developed and identified. When studying the effect of two-stage combustion on the indicator process of the engine, the parameters that determine the law of fuel combustion, i.e. the angles of the beginning of the injection of the main and pilot portions of fuel changed. It is shown that the value of the indicator efficiency of the cycle is almost independent of the introduction and advancement at the angle of rotation of the crankshaft of the moment of pre-combustion at a constant ignition moment of the main portion of the fuel. However, reducing the starting angle of the pilot fuel injection leads to an increase in the maximum pressure of the cycle pz and the maximum rate of pressure rise, as a consequence of increasing engine noise. It is proved that it is possible to start the ignition of the main portion of the fuel without a significant decrease in the average indicator pressure and with a decrease in the values of pz and dr/dφmax when creating pre-combustion of fuel by 20 degrees turning the crankshaft to the main. The rational angle of advance of the injection of the pilot portion of fuel is 10 ... 12 deg. turning the crankshaft to inject the main portion. The obtained results show that the proposed measures - the introduction of pre-combustion 10… 25% of the cycle feed - can reduce the noise level of the engine while maintaining the level of the average indicator pressure and reduce the maximum cycle pressure.
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