Molecular Biology

This chapter aims to molecular biology techniques and concepts in the study, development and production of various compounds of industrial pharmaceutical interest. To better understand this cascade of events that might influence the druggability of therapeutic targets, let's now look at how communication, signalling and cellular regulation work. Prokaryotes have two characteristic forms of transcription termination: dependent or independent of Rho protein. Understanding gene expression in both prokaryotes and eukaryotes helps us to genetically manipulate organisms for biotechnology purposes. Unlike prokaryotes, eukaryotes have three types of RNA polymerases specific for different gene pools. The regulation of gene expression in prokaryotes and eukaryotes differs in aspects. One of the best known and widely used drugs in the world is aspirin; the active ingredient of this drug is salicin that was isolated in 1828 from the bark of the willow tree, despite the use of willow as an anti-inflammatory or pain reliever having been recorded in medical texts for millennia.