Thirty-day morbidity and mortality of bariatric and metabolic surgery in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus: A subset analysis of the GENEVA cohort study

Introduction: There is a paucity of data in the scientific literature on the morbidity and mortality of bariatric and metabolic surgery (BMS) in individuals suffering from Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2D). The current study is a secondary analysis of the GENEVA dataset to understand this. Materials and Methods: Logistic regressions were performed to investigate the influence of diabetes on complication rates and procedure selection. Ethical approval was not required. Results: One thousand four hundred and seventy-five of these patients were suffering from T2D at the time of the surgery (416 diet-treated type 2 diabetes), 806 oral agent-treated type 2 diabetes, and 253 insulin-treated type 2 diabetes [ITD]). Six hundred and fifty (44.1%) of these patients underwent laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy (LSG); 487 (33%) underwent Roux-en-Y gastric bypass; 230 (15.6%) underwent a one anastomosis gastric bypass (OAGB); and 108 (7.3%) underwent some other procedures. The 30-day mortality of BMS in those without T2D was 0.07% (4/5609) as compared to 0.4% (6/1475) and 0.8% (2/253) in those with T2D and ITD, respectively. 7.9% of those with T2D developed a 30-day complication compared to 6.5% without T2D (P = 0.0475). There was an increased risk of complications in patients with ITD on univariate and multivariate analysis. Patients with T2D were significantly less likely to undergo an LSG and significantly more likely to undergo an OAGB. Conclusions: ITD patients undergoing BMS experienced significantly higher 30-day morbidity and mortality. Although LSG was the most common procedure in patients with T2D, these patients were less likely to undergo LSG than patients without T2D.