利用合成有机化合物作为观赏植物的环保型缓凝剂

T. Vostrikova, V. Kalaev, A. Potapov, Dmitry Yu Vandyshev, K. Shikhaliev
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摘要

用浓度为0.01、0.05和0.1%的4-甲基-2-胡椒啶- 1-酰基嘧啶-5-羧酸对鲜红鼠尾草种子进行播前处理,具有明显的抑制作用。播种前,将丹参种子分别在0.01%、0.05%和0.1%浓度的4-甲基-2-胡椒苷-1-酰基嘧啶-5-羧酸和4-甲基-2-morpholin-4-嘧啶-5-羧酸水悬液中浸泡18小时。试验第42天,幼苗初步硬化12 d后,移出温室,在田间种植。4-甲基-2-morpholin-4-嘧啶-5-羧酸在播种前处理丹参种子,浓度分别为0.01和0.05%,具有抑制效果。幼苗高度下降13.3 ~ 43.7%。结果表明,浓度为0.01、0.05和0.1%的4-甲基-2-胡椒苷-1-酰基嘧啶-5-羧酸对幼苗生长的抑制作用为30.4% ~ 43.7%,浓度为0.01和0.05%的4-甲基-2-morpholin-4-嘧啶-5-羧酸对幼苗生长的抑制作用为13.3% ~ 22.2%。相比之下,嘧啶羧酸对另一种一年生开花万寿菊(Tagetes patula L.)种子萌发和株高的影响是刺激的。在0.01 ~ 0.05%的浓度范围内对其进行了研究。对相同浓度的相同化合物进行了测试,但它们对万寿菊和丹参幼苗的影响相反。Сonsequently,嘧啶羧酸对观赏草种子萌发和株高的种特异性影响。因此,推荐4-甲基-2-哌啶-1-酰基嘧啶-5-羧酸和4-甲基-2-morpholin - 4-嘧啶-5-羧酸作为丹参的生长抑制剂。
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USING SYNTHESISED ORGANIC COMPOUNDS AS ENVIRONMENTALLY FRIENDLY RETARDANTS FOR ORNAMENTAL PLANTS
The pre-sowing treatment of scarlet sage (Salvia splendens Ker Gawl.) seeds with 4-methyl-2-piperidin1-yl-pyrimidine-5-carboxylic acid at concentrations of 0.01, 0.05, and 0.1% proved to have an obvious inhibiting effect. Prior to sowing, the seeds of Salvia splendens were soaked in a water suspension of 4-methyl-2-piperidin-1-yl-pyrimidine-5-carboxylic acid and 4-methyl-2-morpholin-4-pyrimidine-5-carboxylic acid with concentrations of 0.01%, 0.05%, and 0.1% for 18 hours. On the 42nd day of the experiment, the seedlings, having been preliminarily hardened for 12 days, were removed from the greenhouse and planted on the field. The pre-sowing treatment of Salvia splendens seeds with 4-methyl-2-morpholin-4-pyrimidine-5-carboxylic acid proved to have the inhibiting effect at concentrations of 0.01 and 0.05%. The height of the seedlings decreased by 13.3-43.7%. It was revealed that 4-methyl-2-piperidin-1-yl-pyrimidine-5-carboxylic acid at concentrations of 0.01, 0.05, and 0.1% decreased the growth of the seedlings by 30.4-43.7%, and 4-methyl-2-morpholin-4-pyrimidine-5-carboxylic acid at concentrations of 0.01 and 0.05% decreased the growth of the seedlings by 13.3-22.2%. By contrast, the effect of pyrimidinecarboxylic acids on seed germination and plant height of another annual flower – spreading marigold (Tagetes patula L.) was stimulating. It was investigated some different concentrations from 0.01 to 0.05 %. The same concentrations of identical compounds were tested, but effects from them were opposite for Tagetes patula, and Salvia splendens seedlings. Сonsequently, the species-specific effect of pyrimidinecarboxylic acids on seed germination and plant height for ornamental grasses takes place. Therefore,4-methyl-2-piperidin-1-yl-pyrimidine-5-carboxylic acid and 4-methyl-2-morpholin4-pyrimidine-5-carboxylic acid are recommended as growth retardants for Salvia splendens.
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