截肢后的生活:一个案例研究

Raul Valderama San Diego
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摘要

摘要简介:在菲律宾,国家残疾委员会进行了一项调查,显示有43.367名残疾人失去了一条或两条腿和/或脚。本研究探讨了截肢者所面临的挑战和应对机制,以及他们从期望的支持系统中获得的帮助。方法:本案例研究以多萝西娅·奥勒姆的护理自我护理理论为基础。对四名有意抽样的截肢者进行了访谈和观察。收集第一手和第二手资料,并与亲属进行三角剖分,以确保结果的有效性和深度。使用主题分析对数据进行编码和分析。结果:结果显示,检举人经历了身体、心理、情感、社会经济和精神方面的挑战。身体挑战包括行动不便、步态不平衡、身体畸形、适应新身体、改变外表、久坐行为和幻肢痛。心理挑战包括自杀倾向、性欲丧失、自怜和抑郁。情感挑战包括恐惧和绝望。社会经济挑战包括反社会行为、分离行为、害怕失去工作、金钱问题和害怕被拒绝的发展。精神上的挑战包括失去信仰。虽然他们得到了家人和朋友的大力支持,但政府和社区的援助非常有限。讨论:在预测截肢者的需求时,有必要提高家庭意识。同样,必须给予它们充分的支持。地方卫生负责人可以开展健康教育运动,并提供辅助器具和设备,以实现残疾人的平等和机会。
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Life After Amputation: A Case Study
Abstract Introduction: In the Philippines, the National Council on Disability made a survey revealing a prevalence of 43.367 disabled who lost one or both legs and/or feet. This study explored the challenges encountered and coping mechanisms an amputee manifests, and the assistance that they get from their expected support system.   Methodology: This case study was anchored on Dorothea Orem’s Self-Care Theory of Nursing. Four purposively sampled amputee informants were interviewed and observed. Primary and secondary data were gathered and triangulation with the relatives was done to ensure the validity and depth of the results. Data were encoded and analyzed using thematic analysis.   Results: Results revealed that the informants experienced physical, psychological, emotional, socio-economic, and spiritual challenges. Physical challenges involved mobility problem and lack of gait balance, physical deformity, adjustment to the new body, altered physical appearance, a sedentary behavior, and phantom pain. Psychological challenges involved suicidal tendency, loss of libido, self-pity, and depression. Emotional challenges included fear and hopelessness. Socio-economic challenges involved the development of anti-social behavior, dissociative behavior, fear of losing a job, problem with money, and fear of rejection. Spiritual challenges involved loss of faith. Coping mechanism included support from family and friends, mastery of gait and balance, proper practice in using assistive devices, hastened adjustment to the new body, wearing of prosthesis, medication and mobility, and trust in God. Although they get strong support from the family and friends, there is very limited assistance from the government and the community.   Discussion: There is a need to increase family awareness in anticipating the needs of the amputees. Likewise, full support must be given to them. Health education campaign may be formulated by the local health leaders and provision of assistive devices and equipment to achieve the equalization and opportunities for persons with disabilities may also be done.
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