孟加拉国小麦耐末端热胁迫基因型的研究

A. Tithi, G. Sagor
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摘要

本研究旨在确定变异的类型和水平、遗传力、遗传进展、产量与产量性状之间的关系,以及末端耐热性的一些关键指标。采用随机完全区组设计(RCBD), 3个重复,分6个处理,每隔10天种植20种不同基因型的小麦。所研究的所有性状都有高度显著的变异。基因型变异系数(GCV)和表型变异系数(PCV)的估计表明,表型变异系数高于基因型变异系数,表明环境对所研究性状的表达影响较大。籽粒/株的PCV和GCV估计值最高,其次是分蘖数/株。遗传力估计表明,花粉育性和不育性等性状的遗传力最高,其次是成熟期。籽粒/株遗传进步最大,株高次之。籽粒产量与粒/株和百粒重呈显著正表型相关和基因型相关。表型通径分析显示百粒重对籽粒产量有显著的直接正影响。主成分分析表明,前5个特征值大于1的成分对变异贡献率为83.41%。耐热性指标显示,Bijoy和BARI Gom-25的耐热性指数(TOL)最低,胁迫敏感性指数(SSI)值最高,产量敏感性指数(YSI)值最高,对末热胁迫表现出较强的耐受性和较低的易感性,在末热胁迫下产量适中。Balaka和Shughat在末热胁迫条件下具有最高的平均生产力(MP)、几何平均生产力(GMP)和应力耐受性指数(STI)值,产量较高。
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Characterization of wheat genotypes for terminal heat stress tolerance in Bangladesh
This study was aimed to determine the types and levels of variability, heritability, genetic progress, relationships between yield and the features that contribute to it, and some key indicators of terminal heat stress tolerance. Twenty different wheat genotypes were planted in the fields over the course of six different treatments spaced 10 days interval following a Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) with three replications. A high degree of significant variation was observed for all the characters studied. Estimates of the genotypic coefficient of variation (GCV) and phenotypic coefficient of variation (PCV) revealed that the phenotypic coefficient of variation was higher than the genotypic coefficient of variation, which indicates a large effect of environment on the expression of the characters studied. The highest estimates of PCV and GCV were observed for grain yield/plant followed by the number of tillers/plant. Heritability estimates revealed that characters like pollen fertility and sterility exhibited the highest heritability followed by days to maturity. The genetic advance was higher for grains/plants followed by plant height. Grain yield showed significant and positive phenotypic and genotypic correlations with grains/plant and 100-grain weight. Phenotypic path analysis revealed a significant direct positive effect of 100-grain weight on grain yield. Principal component analysis (PCA) revealed that the first five components having greater than one Eigenvalue contributed to 83.41% variability. The heat stress tolerance indices revealed that Bijoy and BARI Gom-25 had the lowest tolerance index (TOL), stress susceptibility index (SSI) values and highest yield susceptibility index (YSI) values which show more tolerance and less susceptibility to terminal heat stress and produce moderate grain yield under terminal heat stress. Balaka and Shughat had the highest mean productivity (MP), geometric mean productivity (GMP), and stress tolerance index (STI) values and produce high yields under terminal heat stress conditions.
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