基于性能的道路隧道防火设计:新瑞典框架的建议

Jonatan Gehandler , Haukur Ingason , Anders Lönnermark , Håkan Frantzich , Michael Strömgren
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引用次数: 27

摘要

本文提出了一种基于瑞典和欧洲法规的道路隧道消防安全性能设计的新瑞典框架。该指南的总体目的是保护生命、健康、财产、环境和关键的社会功能免受火灾的影响。该指南分为五组关键要求:#1适当的管理和组织,#2限制火灾和烟雾的产生和蔓延,#3提供安全的自我疏散手段,#4为救援服务提供手段和安全,#5确保建筑的承载能力。每个组都包含说明性需求、基于性能的需求和可接受的解决方案的混合。规定的需求必须得到满足,但是,设计团队可以选择采用建议的可接受的解决方案,或者通过验证基于性能的需求是否得到满足来设计替代的解决方案。对于通过风险分析来验证基于性能的需求,操作的、认知的和选择性的不确定性是相当大的。因此,建议使用几个指定的输入变量和方法进行基于场景的风险分析,以验证#3和#5。必不可少的补充是情景练习、紧急情况练习和类似的方法,以验证设计并突出组织方面。建议的设计指南是由作者与为这项工作建立的咨询小组共同制定的。
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Performance-based design of road tunnel fire safety: Proposal of new Swedish framework

This paper contains a proposal of new Swedish framework for performance-based design of road tunnel fire safety derived from Swedish and European regulation. The overall purpose of the guideline is to protect life, health, property, environment, and key societal functions from fire. The guideline is structured into five key groups of requirements: #1 Proper management and organisation, #2 to limit the generation and spread of fire and smoke, #3 to provide means for safe self-evacuation, #4 to provide means and safety for the rescue service, and #5 to ensure load-bearing capacity of the construction. Each group contains a hybrid of prescriptive requirements, performance-based requirements, and acceptable solutions. Prescriptive requirements must be fulfilled, however, it is the choice of the design team to either adopt the proposed acceptable solutions, or to design alternative solutions by verifying that performance-based requirements are satisfied. For verification of performance-based requirements through risk analysis the operational, epistemic, and aleatory uncertainties are considerable. Therefore, a scenario-based risk analysis with several specified input variables and methods is recommended for verification of #3 and #5. Indispensable complements are scenario exercises, emergency exercises and similar methods that validate the design and highlight organisational aspects. The proposed design guide has been developed by the authors together with the advisory group established for the work.

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