Variable Origin and Branching Pattern of Vertebral Artery and its Importance in Head Neck Surgeries

Arterial variations are quite widespread in various arteries throughout the body, and they are crucial from a surgical and diagnostic standpoint. The purpose of this research is to discover variations in the origin and course of the vertebral artery. The primary arteries of the neck are the vertebral arteries. The vertebral arteries and their major branches, collectively known as the vertebro-basilar system, primarily supply blood to the upper spinal cord, the brain stem and cerebellum, and various parts of the posterior cerebral hemispheres.Variations in the origin and course of the vertebral artery were discovered.  Spondylosis, a herniated intervertebral disc, tumour, infection, and trauma are all surgical reasons for the cervical region. Apart from understanding the clinical implications, the data derived from gross anatomical dissections of cadavers can be a useful guideline for surgeons for careful pre-operative planning in cases where the vertebral artery follows an unusual path and can help them avoid potentially life-threatening complications..