埃及水牛初泌乳若干生产和繁殖性状的遗传参数

M. El-Sharawy
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摘要

从5个埃及水牛群中收集了2000-2019年期间产下第一胎水牛的2054条记录。研究的性状为初生重(BW)、总产奶量(TMY)、哺乳期(LP)、初产龄(AFC)、妊娠期(GL)、开放天数(DO)和产犊间隔(CI)。以产犊的年份和季节、性别和畜群为固定效应。遗传参数估计采用两种模型,第一种模型估计方差成分和遗传力,第二种模型估计所研究性状之间的遗传相关性。结果表明,体重、LP和TMY的遗传力均为中等水平(分别为0.48、0.23和0.50),表明利用选择进行遗传改良是有效的,但所有生殖性状的遗传力均较低,GL、DO、CI和AFC的遗传力分别为0.07、0.02 0.0和0.12,表明这些性状可以利用环境和边际条件进行改良。遗传相关分析表明,埃及水牛增加体重的选择可能导致TMY、LP和GL的提高,生产性状与生殖性状的遗传相关在0.04 (TMY- afc) ~ 0.91 (LP- do和LP- ci)之间呈正相关。水牛繁殖性状的选择将是无效的或需要很长时间,因为它们受农场管理的影响,不像生产性状。
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GENETIC Parameters for some Productive and Reproductive Traits for First Lactation in Egyptian Buffalo
A total of 2054 records of primiparous buffalo cows calved during 2000-2019 was collected from five Egyptian buffalo herds. The studied traits were birth weight (BW), total milk yield (TMY), lactation period (LP), age at first calving (AFC), gestation length (GL), days open (DO), and calving interval (CI). Year and season of calving, sex and herd were used as fixed effects. Genetic parameters were estimated using two models, the first model to estimate variance components and heritability, and the second model was estimated the genetic correlations among studied traits. Results showed that the heritability values were moderate for BW, LP and TMY (0.48, 0.23 and 0.50, respectively), suggesting that genetic improvement programs using the selection could be effective to improve these traits, but all reproductive traits were low, being 0.07, 0.02 0.0 and 0.12 for GL, DO, CI, and AFC, respectively, inferring that these traits could be improved using environmental and marginal conditions. The genetic correlation of the current study indicated that the selection for increasing BW of Egyptian buffalo could be followed by an improvement of TMY, longer LP and GL. The genetic correlation between productive traits and reproductive traits were positive ranged from 0.04 (TMY-AFC) to 0.91 (LP-DO and LP-CI). Selection of buffalo to reproduction traits would be ineffective or take long time because they are influenced by farm management, unlike productive traits.
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