Antioxidant and anti–inflammatory activities of Gallic acid in Japanese quails induced by oxidative stress

Gallic acid is a phenolic compound found in many plant sources with strong antioxidant activity. In this study, the bioactivity of Gallic acid was investigated in Japanese quails induced by oxidative stress. The study was performed on four groups of 40–day–old male Japanese quail (Coturnix japonica). Oxidative stress was created for 1 week by adding 0.5% hydrogen peroxide. The study was terminated by administering 100 mg·kg-1 body weight Gallic acid intraperitoneally. Total antioxidant and total oxidant level analyzes from liver tissue homogenates were performed using a ready–made commercial kit. TNF–α levels from blood samples taken for anti–inflammatory activity were investigated by ELISA method. There were no statistically significant results on live weight gain between the experimental groups and control group. However, Gallic acid in liver homogenates together with H2O2 increased total antioxidant state (TAS) compared to H2O2 application, while it decreased total oxidant state (TOS) in the same groups. Moreover, while the oxidative stress index increased in the H2O2 group, it decreased significantly in both the Gallic acid and Gallic acid + H2O2 groups. Gallic acid application also caused regression in blood TNF–α expression levels, which were increased by H2O2 . In quails, Gallic acid showed antioxidant activity by increasing TAS levels and decreasing TOS levels, providing a significant decrease in oxidative stress index. It also provided anti–inflammatory activity by suppressing TNF–a levels. However, advanced molecular analyzes are needed to obtain more detailed information on the subject.