英国反恐法律、先发制人与政治:走向“威权法制”?

IF 0.4 Q2 Social Sciences New Criminal Law Review Pub Date : 2017-08-01 DOI:10.1525/NCLR.2017.20.3.355
Christos Boukalas
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引用次数: 6

摘要

自世纪之交以来,在整个北大西洋国家,反恐法律一直是一个无情的、高度优先的、合法的生产领域,经常挑战法治原则。本文提供了英国反恐立法的总体概述,并从法理学、国家理论和政治哲学中借鉴,构建了一个分析框架,以评估其对法律的更广泛的形态、功能和逻辑的影响。它首先评估了构成现代法律的专制和民主因素之间的动态紧张关系,从而设定了反恐法律适用的总体概念框架。通过将英国反恐法与美国反恐法并置,并解读其条款所结合的主要趋势,本文进一步分析了英国反恐法。在此基础上,本文考虑了反恐怖主义法律对法律形式的影响,即法律内容、逻辑和制度之间的衔接。研究发现,尽管反恐法的内容和逻辑与法治原则不相容,但它们是在坚持法治的制度框架中发展起来的。为了解释这一悖论,文章得出结论,反恐法标志着专制合法性的到来,这是法治的重新配置,后者保持其制度形态,但由专制的内容和目的组成,并受其驱动。本文概述了威权法制的主要特征,将其与现有的反恐法方法进行了比较,并指出其对美国反恐法理学的合理性。
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U.K. Counterterrorism Law, Pre-Emption, and Politics : Toward “Authoritarian Legality”?
Since the turn of the century, across North Atlantic countries, counterterrorism law has been an area of relentless, highly prioritized, legal production that often challenges rule of law principles. This article provides a general overview of United Kingdom counterterrorism legislation and, drawing from jurisprudence, state theory, and political philosophy, constructs an analytical framework to assess its implications for the broader shape, function, and logic of law. It starts by assessing the dynamic tension between authoritarian and democratic elements that constitutes modern law, thus setting the overall conceptual framework in which counterterrorism law pertains. It proceeds to analyze U.K. counterterrorism law, by juxtaposing it to its United States counterpart and by deciphering the key trends into which its provisions combine. Based on this account, the article considers the implications of counterterrorism law for the law-form, that is, for the articulation between legal content, logic, and institutionality. It finds that, although the content and logic of counterterrorism law are incompatible with rule of law principles, they are developed in an institutional framework adherent to the rule of law. To account for this paradox, the article concludes that counterterrorism law signals the advent of authoritarian legality, a reconfiguration of the rule of law where the latter holds its institutional shape, but comes to consist of, and be driven by, authoritarian content and purposes. The article outlines the main characteristics of authoritarian legality, compares it to existing approaches to counterterrorism law, and indicates its plausibility for U.S. counterterrorism jurisprudence.
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期刊介绍: Focused on examinations of crime and punishment in domestic, transnational, and international contexts, New Criminal Law Review provides timely, innovative commentary and in-depth scholarly analyses on a wide range of criminal law topics. The journal encourages a variety of methodological and theoretical approaches and is a crucial resource for criminal law professionals in both academia and the criminal justice system. The journal publishes thematic forum sections and special issues, full-length peer-reviewed articles, book reviews, and occasional correspondence.
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