球迷与利益相关者理论——德国球迷分类的定性方法

IF 1.9 Q3 HOSPITALITY, LEISURE, SPORT & TOURISM Sport Business and Management-An International Journal Pub Date : 2021-08-04 DOI:10.1108/sbm-11-2020-0127
J. Jaeger
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引用次数: 6

摘要

目的:关于足球迷的公共辩论和学术文献往往具有泛化和缺乏区分的特点。受足球快速商业化和国际化的影响,球迷的民族志不断变化,这加强了对当代分类标准和球迷类型学的需求,这些分类标准和类型学考虑了球迷的复杂性和异质性,并绘制了一幅更加差异化的球迷和子群体的图景。基于扎根理论方法和对利益相关者理论、利益相关者分类标准和足球迷的系统文献综述,作者对德国职业足球俱乐部雇佣的球迷经理进行了14次半结构化的专家访谈并进行了分析。在分析的基础上,作者确定,提出并讨论了十个当代标准和五种相应的足球迷分类类型。扎根理论分析表明,足球迷可以根据10个分类标准来表征。在分析的基础上,作者推导出五种扇的类型,它们的特征不同,沿着确定的标准的连续性。类型包括(1)主动粉丝,(2)消费粉丝,(3)活动粉丝,(4)企业粉丝和(5)被动粉丝。原创性/价值本文扩大了对球迷作为个体的行为和态度特征的先验知识,并增加了关于球迷群体内部关系以及球迷与俱乐部之间正式和非正式关系的知识。研究结果为学者提供了一个进一步科学研究的框架,为实践者提供了一个更复杂和差异化的管理粉丝关系的概念。
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Football fans and stakeholder theory – A qualitative approach to classifying fans in Germany
PurposePublic debates and scholarly literature on football fandom are often characterised by generalisation and lacking differentiation. The changing ethnography of fans, affected by the rapid commercialisation and internationalisation of the game, reinforces the demand for contemporary classification criteria and fan typologies that take the complexity and heterogeneity of fans into account and draw a more differentiated picture of fans and sub-groups.Design/methodology/approachBased on the grounded theory methodology and a systematic literature review on stakeholder theory, stakeholder classification criteria and football fandom, the authors conduct and analyse 14 semi-structured expert interviews with fan managers employed by German professional football clubs. Building on the analysis, the authors identify, present and discuss ten contemporary criteria and five corresponding typologies for the classification of football fans.FindingsThe grounded theory analysis suggests that football fans can be characterised according to ten classification criteria. Building on the analysis, the authors derive five fan typologies that differ in their characteristics along the continua of the identified criteria. Typologies comprise (1) active fans, (2) consuming fans, (3) event fans, (4) corporate fans and (5) passive followers.Originality/valueThe paper enlarges prior knowledge on the behavioural and attitudinal characteristics of fans as individuals and adds knowledge regarding relationships within fan groups, and regarding formal and non-formal relations between fans and clubs. The results provide scholars with a framework for further scientific investigation and practitioners with a concept for a more sophisticated and differentiated approach to managing fan relations.
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来源期刊
Sport Business and Management-An International Journal
Sport Business and Management-An International Journal HOSPITALITY, LEISURE, SPORT & TOURISM-
CiteScore
4.10
自引率
15.40%
发文量
25
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