金盏菊(calendula officinalis l .)形态与遗传多样性分析秋水仙碱致突变作用的影响

A. Yassein, A. Hassan, Ebtsam Abdel-Alah, Shokri Salim
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引用次数: 1

摘要

金盏花(金盏花)是主要的芳香和药用植物之一,在食品和药物中有许多用途。本研究旨在证明6种秋水仙碱浓度(0.025、0.05、0.1、0.2、0.4和0.8%,w/v)对金盏菊的改良和诱导遗传变异的效率。除株高外,秋水仙碱处理对单株枝数、花序数、花序鲜重和干重、花序直径、总可溶性碳水化合物和β-胡萝卜素均有显著影响,但降低了种子发芽率和株高。估计遗传力、遗传进阶、遗传变异和选择优良基因型将是作物育种和遗传改良计划以及选择具有较高理想性状的基因型的重要目标。遗传力较高,分别为48.64 ~ 90.81(株高和花序直径)。基于RAPD-PCR研究的分子标记阐明了金盏菊诱变突变体分为两类。遗传多样性系数估计为30%。在各种秋水仙碱处理中,形态和生理反应与分子数据的结合说明了RAPD-PCR作为一种鉴定有用突变体的方法的实用性,并可用于检测秋水仙碱的作用。研究结果表明,0.05%秋水仙碱可有效地培育金盏花突变和遗传改良。
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MORPHOLOGICAL AND GENETIC DIVERSITY ANALYSIS IN CALENDULA (CALENDULA OFFICINALIS L.) INFLUENCED BY MUTAGENIC EFFECT OF COLCHICINE
Calendula officinalis L. (pot marigold) is one of the main aromatic and medicinal plants with many uses in food and medicines. This study was carried out to demonstrate the efficiency of six colchicine concentrations (0.025, 0.05, 0.1, 0.2, 0.4 and 0.8 per cent, w/v) for Calendula improvement and induction of genetic variation. Colchicine treatments had a positive effect on the number of branches/plant, number of inflorescences, fresh and dry weight of inflorescences, inflorescence diameter, total soluble carbohydrates and β-carotene except for plant height, while seed germination and plant height were reduced. Estimation of heritability, genetic advance, genetic variability and selection of superior genotypes will be an important object in crop breeding and genetic improvement programs, and selection of genotypes with higher desirable characters. Heritability was high and ranged from 48.64 to 90.81, respectively (inflorescence diameter and plant height, respectively). Molecular markers based on a RAPD-PCR study elucidate the classification of induced Calendula mutants into two clusters. The coefficient of genetic diversity was estimated at 30%.  A combination of morphological and physiological responses with molecular data contained in the various colchicine treatments illustrated the utility of RAPD-PCR as a method for identifying useful mutants and could be used to detect the colchicine effect significantly. Findings recommend the 0.05 per cent colchicine for efficient breeding calendula mutation and genetic improvement.
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