Evaluation of Soft and Hard Tissue Condition After Dental Implant Surgery in Diabetic and Non-diabetic Patients (6 Months Follow up)

Background: Hyperglycemia in diabetic patients can affect the success of many dental treatments. Thus, many dental procedures are contraindicated in patients with uncontrolled diabetes mellitus (DM) due to the consequent delay in wound healing. This study aimed to assess the effect of a long-term control of blood sugar on tissue healing after implant placement. Methods: This cohort study evaluated 20 patients aged 50-60, referring to the School of Dentistry, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences for implant placement. All patients underwent blood sugar test and were divided into two groups of diabetic and non-diabetic patients regarding their HbA1c level. Bone loss, bleeding on probing (BOP), and pocket probing depth (PPD) of patients were measured 1 and 6 months after the implant placement. Data were analyzed using independent t test and chi-square test. Results: Blood sugar control had no significant effect on bone loss, BOP and PPD one and six month(s) after implant placement (P>0.05). Although PPD significantly increased in both groups over time (P=0.016 in the healthy group and P=0.007 in the diabetic group), the difference between the two groups was not significant (P>0.05). Conclusion: According to the results from this study, blood sugar control examined in the age range of our study had no significant effect on tissue healing one and six month(s) after the implant placement. However, further studies are required to explore this subject more thoroughly.