链接蓝牙LE和经典及其对隐私保护蓝牙协议的影响

Norbert Ludant, T. Vo-Huu, Sashank Narain, G. Noubir
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引用次数: 4

摘要

蓝牙低功耗广告越来越多地用于近距离隐私保护协议。我们调查BLE广告的信息泄露。我们的分析显示,目前蓝牙芯片的设计能够将BLE广告链接到蓝牙经典(BTC)帧,以及全球唯一标识符(BDADDR)。我们证明,从BLE广告中推断出的BDADDR是稳健的,在应用程序、移动设备、设备密度和距离受害者数十米的情况下,可靠性超过90%。我们讨论了当前芯片组漏洞对隐私保护协议的影响。例如,这种攻击会揭示接触者追踪应用程序受感染用户设备的BDADDR。我们还讨论了该漏洞如何导致受害者去匿名化。此外,当前的移动设备不允许独立于BLE的BTC选择性禁用,这使得简单的对策不切实际。我们为Android操作系统和蓝牙堆栈开发了几个缓解措施,并展示了它们的功效。
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Linking Bluetooth LE & Classic and Implications for Privacy-Preserving Bluetooth-Based Protocols
Bluetooth Low Energy advertisements are increasingly used for proximity privacy-preserving protocols. We investigate information leakage from BLE advertisements. Our analysis, among other things, reveals that the design of today’s Bluetooth chips enables the linking of BLE advertisements to Bluetooth Classic (BTC) frames, and to a globally unique identifier (BDADDR). We demonstrate that the inference of the BDADDR from BLE advertisements is robust achieving over 90% reliability across apps, mobile devices, density of devices, and tens of meters away from the victims. We discuss the implications of current chipsets vulnerability on privacy-preserving protocols. The attack, for instance, reveals the BDADDR of devices of infected users of contact-tracing apps. We also discuss how the vulnerability can lead to de-anonymization of victims. Furthermore, current mobile devices do not allow selective disabling of BTC independently of BLE which renders simple countermeasures impractical. We developed several mitigations for the Android OS and the Bluetooth stack and demonstrate their efficacy.
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