Dynamics of solutions of nonlinear functional differential equation of parabolic type

Purpose of this work is to study the initial-boundary value problem for a parabolic functional-differential equation in an annular region, which describes the dynamics of phase modulation of a light wave passing through a thin layer of a nonlinear Kerr-type medium in an optical system with a feedback loop, with a rotation transformation (corresponds the involution operator) and the Neumann conditions on the boundary in the class of periodic functions. A more detailed study is made of spatially inhomogeneous stationary solutions bifurcating from a spatially homogeneous stationary solution as a result of a bifurcation of the “fork” type and time-periodic solutions of the “traveling wave” type. Methods. To represent the original equation in the form of nonlinear integral equations, the Green’s function is used. The method of central manifolds is used to prove the theorem on the existence of solutions of the indicated equation in a neighborhood of the bifurcation parameter and to study their asymptotic form. Numerical modeling of spatially inhomogeneous solutions and traveling waves was carried out using the Galerkin method. Results. Integral representations of the considered problem are obtained depending on the form of the linearized operator. Using the method of central manifolds, a theorem on the existence and asymptotic form of solutions of the initial-boundary value problem for a functional-differential equation of parabolic type with an involution operator on an annulus is proved. As a result of numerical modeling based on Galerkin approximations, in the problem under consideration, approximate spatially inhomogeneous stationary solutions and time-periodic solutions of the traveling wave type are constructed. Conclusion. The proposed scheme is applicable not only to involutive rotation operators and Neumann conditions on the boundary of the ring, but also to other boundary conditions and circular domains. The representation of the initial-boundary value problem in the form of nonlinear integral equations of the second kind allows one to more simply find the coefficients of asymptotic expansions, prove existence and uniqueness theorems, and also use a different number of expansion coefficients of the nonlinear component in the right-hand side of the original equation in the neighborhood of the selected solution (for example, stationary). Visualization of the numerical solution confirms the theoretical calculations and shows the possibility of forming complex phase structures.