Pharmacovigilance of ChAdOx1 nCoV-19 (COVISHIELD) Vaccine after first and second dose in volunteers in Punjab, India

COVID-19 infection was emerged in December 2019, when a group of patients presented with pneumonia of unknown cause in Wuhan, China. COVID-19 is caused by the novel severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). SARSCoV-2 infection may be asymptomatic or it may cause a wide spectrum of symptoms, such as mild symptoms of upper respiratory tract infection and life-threatening sepsis. Coronaviruses (CoV) are a family of viruses called Coronaviridae These viruses are zoonotic, that is, they are . transmitted between animals and humans. The SARS-CoV-2 virus belongs to the family of RNA viruses and the genomic sequence ranges from 125 nm or 0.125μm. Corona virus is a single stranded, enveloped RNA in shape having a positive sense RNA genome also known as (+ssRNA) with a 5′-cap structure and 3′-poly-A tail (Chen et al., 2019). There are four essential structural proteins required to regulate the function and viral structure of the virus; which are (E) the envelope protein, (M) the membrane protein, (S) the spike protein, and (N) the nucleocapsid protein (Schoeman et al., 2019). The genome sequencing based research revealed that the coronavirus is a beta-coronavirus belonging to the subtypes Pharmacovigilance of ChAdOx1 nCoV-19 (COVISHIELD) Vaccine after first and second dose in volunteers in Punjab, India Rahat Kumar , Narinder Singh, Jaswinder Singh, Vikram Bhandari *