将设计思维原则应用于重症监护环境

IF 0.9 Q3 MEDICINE, GENERAL & INTERNAL University of Toronto Medical Journal Pub Date : 2023-02-28 DOI:10.33137/utmj.v100i1.40352
Chijindu Ukagwu, Seth Gray
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引用次数: 1

摘要

以患者为中心的护理和循证医学是构成现代医疗保健实践基础的咒语。然而,大多数用于设计医疗保健解决方案的工具,包括随机对照试验、质量改进计划,甚至定性研究,往往更适合于以牺牲患者、家庭和医疗保健工作者需求为代价,为实践提供循证基础。这些方法往往侧重于改善结果和过程(Grys, 2022)。利益相关者——尤其是病人,但也包括员工——是“专家”在科学或医学的注视下仔细审查的对象,过滤掉“专家”认为不相关的内容(O’callaghan, 2022)。然而,如果不优先考虑人的声音、尊严和参与,结果和过程是不够的。设计思维为循证医学提供了一种补充方法,让人们参与实验、原型设计、给出反馈,并以人类的需求为中心重新设计医疗保健解决方案(Razzouk & Shute, 2012)。本文描述了设计思维作为一种创造以人为本的解决方案的方法的过程,并参考了设计思维过程在安大略省的一家学术儿科医院SickKids的重症监护病房(ICU)的实施。
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Applying the principles of Design Thinking to the Intensive Care Environment
Patient-centered care and evidence-based medicine are mantras that form the foundation of modern healthcare practice. Yet, most of the tools for designing healthcare solutions, including randomized control trials, quality improvement initiatives, and even qualitative research, are often better adapted to providing an evidence-based foundation for practice at the expense of patient, family, and healthcare worker needs. These approaches tend to focus on improving outcomes and processes (Grys, 2022). Stakeholders — particularly patients, but also staff – are objects being scrutinized by “experts” under the scientific or medical gaze, filtering out what the “expert” deems as irrelevant (O’Callaghan, 2022). However, outcomes and processes are not sufficient if they do not prioritize human voice, dignity, and participation. Design thinking provides a complementary approach to evidence-based medicine by engaging the person in experimenting, prototyping, giving feedback, and redesigning healthcare solutions centered around the needs of humans (Razzouk & Shute, 2012). This article describes the process of design thinking as an approach to the creation of human-centered solutions and makes reference to the implementation of the design thinking process in the intensive care unit (ICU) of SickKids, an academic paediatric hospital in Ontario.
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来源期刊
University of Toronto Medical Journal
University of Toronto Medical Journal MEDICINE, GENERAL & INTERNAL-
CiteScore
0.30
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