Dietary fat Intake Had a Different Influence on Body Mass Index in Active and Inactive Subjects: a Cross-Sectional Study

The understanding of cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk factors and their association with food and physical activity is not yet completely clear. This study aimed to evaluate the association between CVD risk factors with dietary intake, according to the physical activity level. A cross-sectional study was conducted with Brazilian individuals attended by the Public Health System. Demographic, blood pressure, physical activity practice, anthropometry and food intake data were collected and evaluated. Of the 83 participants, 61.4% were active. No difference were observed in the frequency of CVD risk factors, anthropometric data, blood pressure, estimated energy requirement, energy and nutrient intake between the active and inactive subjects (p ≥ .05). There was also no difference in the frequency of energy and nutrient intake adequacy between groups (p ≥ .05). Among the inactive subjects, it was found that the consumption of total (OR: 1.021, p = .035) and saturated (OR: 1.060, p = .033) fat was predictor of being overweight, with no relationship between food intake and the risk factors for CVD when the total participants or active individuals were considered (p ≥ .05). No difference was observed in the frequency of CVD risk factors between active and inactive individuals, however, total and saturated fat consumption increased the chance of being overweight among the inactive individuals. Keywords: Cardiovascular Diseases. Food Consumption. Exercise. Body Weight. Health Systems. Resumo O conhecimento da associacao entre os fatores de risco para doencas cardiovasculares com a alimentacao e atividade fisica ainda nao esta totalmente elucidada. Este estudo teve como objetivo avaliar a associacao entre os fatores de risco cardiovascular e o consumo alimentar, segundo o nivel de atividade fisica. Foi realizado um estudo transversal com individuos brasileiros atendidos pelo Sistema Unico de Saude. Foram coletados e avaliados dados demograficos, pressao arterial, pratica de atividade fisica, antropometria e consumo alimentar. Dos 83 participantes, 61,4% eram ativos. Nao foi observado diferenca na frequencia dos fatores de risco cardiovascular, dados antropometricos, pressao arterial, estimativa da necessidade energetica, consumo de energia e nutrientes entre os individuos ativos e inativos (p ≥ 0,05). Tambem nao houve diferenca na frequencia de adequacao no consumo de energia e nutrientes entre os grupos (p ≥ 0,05). Entre os participantes inativos, observou-se que o consumo de gordura total (OR: 1,021; p = 0,035) e saturada (OR: 1,060; p = 0,033) foram preditores do sobrepeso, sem relacao entre o consumo alimentar e os fatores de risco cardiovascular quando se considerou todos os participantes ou apenas os individuos ativos (p ≥ 0,05). Nao foi observado diferenca na frequencia dos fatores de risco cardiovascular entre os sujeitos ativos e inativos, entretanto o consumo de gordura total e saturada aumentou a chance de sobrepeso entre os individuos inativos. Palavras-chave: Doencas Cardiovasculares. Consumo de Alimentos. Exercicio Fisico. Peso Corporal. Sistemas de Saude.