{"title":"氢作为含煤地层地球动力过程的标志","authors":"","doi":"10.26565/2410-7360-2021-54-01","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"Formulation of the problem. The problem of developing and implementing exploration technology that will ensure the protection of mine workings and prevent catastrophes in the development of coal deposits is especially relevant now, when the issue of environmental protection and safety at coal mines is very acute. Analysis of recent research and publications. The idea of degassing of the Earth as a global process of its self-organization was developed by V.I. Vernadsky in a number of works published in 1911, 1912, 1924. This concept has had and continues to have a powerful growing influence on modern Earth sciences. The idea of the key role of hydrogen in degassing of the Earth is developed in the works of V.M. Larin, F.A. Letnykov, А.А. Marakushev, V.V. Khmelyovska, A.V. Shcherbakov, N.D. Kozlova, Yu.A. Kolyasnikov, V.M. Shestopalov, V.I. Starostenko, A.N. Ponomarenko. The purpose of the article is: analysis of the current state of coal mining in Ukraine and in the world as a whole; substantiation of the possibility of using the technology of safe search for hydrogen in minefield development zones. Presentation of the main research material. The new development of safe exploration technology for coal deposits, proposed by the authors, will allow to track in advance, to identify places of possible manifestations of gas-dynamic phenomena and to make operational decisions to eliminate them. The technology is based on the use of exploratory gas-geochemical methods for mapping the places of gas-hydrogen accumulations and together with a set of geological and geophysical methods allows to allocate areas of possible emergency processes in the development zones of mine fields. On a large massif of field work of areal and profile surveys, the feasibility of using search technology has been proven to justify the use of advance degassing wells to prevent uncontrolled explosive processes and technical disasters. The proposed technology has been tested at numerous mining sites in the process of exploration and environmental research in areas of operating and developed mine fields. Conclusions. For the first time in the world practice, new approaches were proposed and substantiated to change the safety paradigm of coal mining, which will prevent the manifestations of unpredictable GDP and the associated material and human losses. Analysis of the results of a complex of fundamental and applied research at coal mining facilities allows, according to the proposed technology, to identify and map the studied areas of abnormal hydrogen concentrations, their characteristics and use it as reliable markers for operational decisions for safe mining by laying advance degassing wells, which will ultimately make emergency GDP impossible. The expediency of application of the proposed technology for substantiation and allocation of geodynamic active and stable zones and blocks promising for industrial exploration of hydrocarbons, determining the locations of possible manifestations of GDP and complex making operative decisions for safety of mining works is proved. 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The problem of developing and implementing exploration technology that will ensure the protection of mine workings and prevent catastrophes in the development of coal deposits is especially relevant now, when the issue of environmental protection and safety at coal mines is very acute. Analysis of recent research and publications. The idea of degassing of the Earth as a global process of its self-organization was developed by V.I. Vernadsky in a number of works published in 1911, 1912, 1924. This concept has had and continues to have a powerful growing influence on modern Earth sciences. The idea of the key role of hydrogen in degassing of the Earth is developed in the works of V.M. Larin, F.A. Letnykov, А.А. Marakushev, V.V. Khmelyovska, A.V. Shcherbakov, N.D. Kozlova, Yu.A. Kolyasnikov, V.M. Shestopalov, V.I. Starostenko, A.N. Ponomarenko. The purpose of the article is: analysis of the current state of coal mining in Ukraine and in the world as a whole; substantiation of the possibility of using the technology of safe search for hydrogen in minefield development zones. Presentation of the main research material. The new development of safe exploration technology for coal deposits, proposed by the authors, will allow to track in advance, to identify places of possible manifestations of gas-dynamic phenomena and to make operational decisions to eliminate them. The technology is based on the use of exploratory gas-geochemical methods for mapping the places of gas-hydrogen accumulations and together with a set of geological and geophysical methods allows to allocate areas of possible emergency processes in the development zones of mine fields. On a large massif of field work of areal and profile surveys, the feasibility of using search technology has been proven to justify the use of advance degassing wells to prevent uncontrolled explosive processes and technical disasters. The proposed technology has been tested at numerous mining sites in the process of exploration and environmental research in areas of operating and developed mine fields. Conclusions. For the first time in the world practice, new approaches were proposed and substantiated to change the safety paradigm of coal mining, which will prevent the manifestations of unpredictable GDP and the associated material and human losses. 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引用次数: 0

摘要

问题的表述。在煤矿环境保护和煤矿安全问题日益突出的今天,开发和实施保护煤矿作业、防止煤矿开采灾害的勘探技术问题显得尤为重要。分析最近的研究和出版物。维尔纳德斯基在1911年、1912年和1924年发表的一系列作品中提出了地球脱气是一个自我组织的全球过程的观点。这一概念已经并将继续对现代地球科学产生日益强大的影响。氢在地球脱气中的关键作用的想法是在V.M.拉林,F.A.列特尼科夫,А.А的作品中发展起来的。Marakushev, V.V. Khmelyovska, A.V. Shcherbakov, N.D. Kozlova, Yu.A。柯利亚斯尼科夫,V.M.舍斯托帕洛夫,V.I.斯塔罗申科,A.N.波诺马连科。本文的目的是:分析乌克兰和世界煤炭开采的现状;证实在雷区开发区使用安全寻氢技术的可能性。主要研究资料的介绍。作者提出的煤矿安全勘探技术的新发展,将允许提前跟踪,识别可能出现气动力现象的地方,并做出消除这些现象的操作决策。该技术的基础是使用勘探气体地球化学方法来绘制气氢聚集的地点,并结合一套地质和地球物理方法,可以在矿区开发区内分配可能发生紧急情况的区域。在大量的区域和剖面调查的现场工作中,已经证明了利用搜索技术的可行性,证明了利用超前脱气井来防止失控爆炸过程和技术灾害是合理的。所提出的技术已在许多矿区的勘探和环境研究过程中进行了测试。在世界实践中,第一次提出并证实了改变煤矿开采安全范式的新方法,这将防止不可预测的GDP和相关的物质和人员损失的表现。根据提出的技术,对煤矿设施基础和应用研究的综合结果进行分析,可以识别和绘制所研究的异常氢浓度区域及其特征,并将其作为通过提前脱气井进行安全开采的操作决策的可靠标志,这最终将使紧急GDP成为不可能。在确定和分配有希望进行碳氢化合物工业勘探的地球动力学活动和稳定带和区块、确定GDP可能表现形式的位置以及为采矿工程的安全作出复杂的操作决策方面,所提出的技术的便利性得到了证明。不幸的是,科学家进行的研究和取得的结果尚未得到乌克兰总统、国家部委、商业机构和科学院的有价值的支持。
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Hydrogen as an indicator of geodynamic processes in coal-bearing strata
Formulation of the problem. The problem of developing and implementing exploration technology that will ensure the protection of mine workings and prevent catastrophes in the development of coal deposits is especially relevant now, when the issue of environmental protection and safety at coal mines is very acute. Analysis of recent research and publications. The idea of degassing of the Earth as a global process of its self-organization was developed by V.I. Vernadsky in a number of works published in 1911, 1912, 1924. This concept has had and continues to have a powerful growing influence on modern Earth sciences. The idea of the key role of hydrogen in degassing of the Earth is developed in the works of V.M. Larin, F.A. Letnykov, А.А. Marakushev, V.V. Khmelyovska, A.V. Shcherbakov, N.D. Kozlova, Yu.A. Kolyasnikov, V.M. Shestopalov, V.I. Starostenko, A.N. Ponomarenko. The purpose of the article is: analysis of the current state of coal mining in Ukraine and in the world as a whole; substantiation of the possibility of using the technology of safe search for hydrogen in minefield development zones. Presentation of the main research material. The new development of safe exploration technology for coal deposits, proposed by the authors, will allow to track in advance, to identify places of possible manifestations of gas-dynamic phenomena and to make operational decisions to eliminate them. The technology is based on the use of exploratory gas-geochemical methods for mapping the places of gas-hydrogen accumulations and together with a set of geological and geophysical methods allows to allocate areas of possible emergency processes in the development zones of mine fields. On a large massif of field work of areal and profile surveys, the feasibility of using search technology has been proven to justify the use of advance degassing wells to prevent uncontrolled explosive processes and technical disasters. The proposed technology has been tested at numerous mining sites in the process of exploration and environmental research in areas of operating and developed mine fields. Conclusions. For the first time in the world practice, new approaches were proposed and substantiated to change the safety paradigm of coal mining, which will prevent the manifestations of unpredictable GDP and the associated material and human losses. Analysis of the results of a complex of fundamental and applied research at coal mining facilities allows, according to the proposed technology, to identify and map the studied areas of abnormal hydrogen concentrations, their characteristics and use it as reliable markers for operational decisions for safe mining by laying advance degassing wells, which will ultimately make emergency GDP impossible. The expediency of application of the proposed technology for substantiation and allocation of geodynamic active and stable zones and blocks promising for industrial exploration of hydrocarbons, determining the locations of possible manifestations of GDP and complex making operative decisions for safety of mining works is proved. And, unfortunately, the research carried out by scientists and the results obtained have not yet found worthy support from the President of Ukraine, state line ministries, commercial structures and the Academy of Sciences.
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