免疫稳定性预测野生哺乳动物感染结核病的风险

M. Seguel, B. Beechler, Courtney A. C. Coon, P. Snyder, Johannie M. Spaan, A. Jolles, V. Ezenwa
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引用次数: 2

摘要

免疫是动物最易变的表型特征之一;然而,一些个体可能表现出较少的免疫特征波动,导致免疫变化的稳定模式随着时间的推移。目前尚不清楚免疫变异是否对传染病风险有影响。在这项研究中,我们确定了野生非洲水牛适度稳定的免疫性状,并询问这些性状的稳定性是否影响牛结核病(TB)感染风险。我们发现,适应性免疫特性,如白细胞刺激后释放的干扰素-γ (IFN-γ)水平、循环淋巴细胞数量和牛腺病毒-3抗体水平,随着时间的推移具有中等可重复性(即稳定),而与先天免疫相关的参数要么具有低可重复性(循环嗜酸性粒细胞数量),要么不可重复性(例如中性粒细胞数量、血浆细菌杀灭能力)。有趣的是,具有更多可重复IFN-γ和淋巴细胞水平的个体获得结核病感染的风险显着更高。与此形成鲜明对比的是,平均IFN-γ和淋巴细胞水平不能很好地预测结核病风险,这表明免疫变异性比绝对应答水平更能反映疾病易感性的变化。这项工作强调了免疫变异性作为感染风险预测因子的重要作用和被低估的作用。
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Immune stability predicts tuberculosis infection risk in a wild mammal
Immunity is one of the most variable phenotypic traits in animals; however, some individuals may show less fluctuation in immune traits, resulting in stable patterns of immune variation over time. It is currently unknown whether immune variation has consequences for infectious disease risk. In this study, we identified moderately stable immune traits in wild African buffalo and asked whether the stability of these traits affected bovine tuberculosis (TB) infection risk. We found that adaptive immune traits such as the level of interferon-γ (IFN-γ) released after white blood cell stimulation, the number of circulating lymphocytes and the level of antibodies against bovine adenovirus-3 were moderately repeatable (i.e. stable) over time, whereas parameters related to innate immunity either had low repeatability (circulating eosinophil numbers) or were not repeatable (e.g. neutrophil numbers, plasma bacteria killing capacity). Intriguingly, individuals with more repeatable IFN-γ and lymphocyte levels were at a significantly higher risk of acquiring TB infection. In stark contrast, average IFN-γ and lymphocyte levels were poor predictors of TB risk, indicating that immune variability rather than absolute response level better captured variation in disease susceptibility. This work highlights the important and under-appreciated role of immune variability as a predictor of infection risk.
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