埃塞俄比亚西北部农田木本物种多样性及其社会经济意义研究

Kidane Giday, Fekadu Debebe, A. Raj, Destaalem Gebremeskel
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引用次数: 10

摘要

本研究在埃塞俄比亚西北部农田进行,目的是评估木本物种多样性及其社会经济重要性。三个地点代表三个不同的海拔,即高地、中部和低地农业生态。随机抽取196户家庭收集社会经济数据。通过对农户进行富裕、中等和贫困分类,收集了农田木本物种多样性数据,并从离宅基地近、中、远的农户中收集了这些分类农户的木本物种数据。研究区共记录到木本植物39种,隶属于24科。Shannon多样性指数在2.61 ~ 2.85之间,物种均匀度在0.83 ~ 0.87之间。3个研究点的木本物种多样性、丰富度和丰度在富裕家庭、中等家庭和贫困家庭之间存在显著差异。同样,近、中、远距离农田的物种丰富度、丰度和多样性也存在显著差异。受访者表示,保留或种植木本树种的主要目的为土壤肥力(35.14%)、柴火(24.54%)、木材生产(11.66%)、围栏(8.44%)、动物饲料(4.55%)、水果(4.50%)、创收(4.28%)、房屋建造(2.61%)、木炭生产(1.61%)等。在农田上保留或种植木本树种对保护研究区生物多样性有重要作用。
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Studies on farmland woody species diversity and their socioeconomic importance in Northwestern Ethiopia
Study was conducted in the farmlands of Northwestern Ethiopia with the objective of assessing woody species diversity and their socioeconomic importance. Three sites representing three different elevations viz. highland, midland and lowland agroecology were selected. A total of 196 households were randomly selected to collect socioeconomic data. Data on woody species diversity in crop fields was collected by categorizing households as rich, medium and poor and from that categorized household the woody species data were collected from near, medium and far away from homesteads. A total of 39 woody species belonging to 24 families were recorded in the farmlands of the study area. The Shannon diversity index varied from 2.61 to 2.85 and species evenness varied from 0.83 to 0.87 in the study areas. Woody species diversity, richness and abundance were significantly different between rich, medium and poor households at the three study sites. Similarly species richness, abundance and diversity were significantly different among near, medium and far distance farmlands from homesteads. According to the respondents, the main purposes of retaining or planting woody species on their farmland were for soil fertility (35.14%), firewood (24.54%), timber production (11.66%), fencing (8.44%), animal fodder (4.55%), fruit (4.50%), income generation (4.28%), house construction (2.61%), charcoal production (1.61%) and other purposes. Retaining or planting woody species on farmlands significantly contributed for the conservation of biodiversity in the study area.
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