Dependence of properties of bituminous binders on composition of raw materials and conditions of oxidation

Bitumen is a complex and specific in its composition organic materials, the physicomechanical, chemical, adhesive and other properties of which significantly depend on their group composition and the ratio of hydrocarbon fractions included in them. These properties, in turn, are directly related to the composition of the feedstock, which is determined by the level (depth) of processing of oil shoulder straps and the methods of oxidation and compounding of refined products of different levels. This work evaluates the group composition of the initial bituminous raw material and its changes during oxidation under various conditions. The study showed that the oxidation process is dominated by the processes of thermal oxidative destruction, leading to the decomposition of fractions of saturated hydrocarbons into aromatic, resinous and partially aromatic fractions into asphaltenes prone to agglomeration. The results of the study expand knowledge about the development of the potential for regulating the properties of commercial bitumen and polymer-bitumen binders based on them by varying the composition of oil strands supplied for oxidation. The data obtained were used to optimize the production processes of LLC "BITUM", Salavat, for the purpose of large-scale production of commercial bitumen and PMB. The binders produced were used in 2018-2019 for the production of asphalt concrete and polymer-asphalt concrete mixtures and the device of coatings based on them in the Volga Federal District.