Macrophage Secretory Function among Urinary Tract Infection Patients before and after Ciprofloxacin Treatment: A Prospective Study

Background : Attacks of Urinary tract infections (UTIs) reached about 150 million patients every year worldwide. They are considered a major reason for morbidity in females in all age groups, older men and young boys. Objectives: To investigate the effect of Ciprofloxacin treatment during urinary tract infection (UTI) infection on the proinflammatory cytokines secretion including IL-1, IL-6, IL-10, IL-12, and TNF in the adult patients. Methodology : This prospective, observational cohort study involved 50 patients diagnosed with UTI over a period of 3 months from January to March 2019. On the day of admission (before starting ciprofloxacin treatment), all the UTI patients were submitted to an estimation of urine levels of proinflammatory cytokines including IL-1, IL-6, IL-12, IL-10, and TNF during the first 48 hours after hospital admission. Cytokine levels were estimated by enzyme-linked immunoassay (ELISA) kits (R&D Systems, Inc., Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA). The patients were treated with ciprofloxacin 500mg for 3 days. After 5 days of ciprofloxacin treatment course, the patient underwent remeasurement of urine level of cytokines. Results : After the fifth day of ciprofloxacin treatment course, it has been observed that there were significant decreases regarding proinflammatory cytokine TNF, IL1, and IL6. On the other hand, there was a significant increase in IL10 levels in the study cohort. Besides, there was no significant difference between before and after ciprofloxacin treatment regarding IL12 levels (P-value = 0.06). Conclusion : Ciprofloxacin treatment significantly reduces the levels of the proinflammatory cytokine in patients with UTIs.