“我们要对付那些难对付的”

IF 0.4 Q2 Social Sciences New Criminal Law Review Pub Date : 2019-11-01 DOI:10.1525/nclr.2019.22.4.542
Chrysanthi S. Leon, Corey S. Shdaimah
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引用次数: 4

摘要

多门刑事司法方面的专门知识使在现有刑事司法系统内进行新形式的干预成为可能。专门知识为刑事司法人员提供了运用其权威的理由和手段,以便履行其现有职责,做好事(他们认为是)。在第一部分中,我们概述了来自吉尔·埃亚尔的专业知识社会学和托马斯·哈斯克尔的道德感性进化的理论框架。我们使用专业利益相关者访谈数据(N = 45)作为案例研究,这些数据来自我们对三个新兴和现有卖淫转移项目的研究,以说明刑事司法行为者如何在多机构工作组中使用我们定义的主要、次要和第三专业知识。演员们利用他们掌握的工具——在这个例子中,是创伤的概念——来进一步实现个人和职业目标。正如我们的案例研究所表明的那样,专门转移项目的专业人员认识到刑事司法系统的不足,并认为卖淫妇女这样做是对过去伤害的回应,以及缺乏社会、情感和物质资源来应对她们的创伤。创伤塑造了应对的干预措施和专业知识。专门的项目创造了一种渗透,这种渗透可能会减少纯粹的惩罚性反应,并为更好的服务铺平道路。无论他们多么善解人意,他们都无法解决造成伤害和创伤的根本原因——社会力量。这可能更多地与想象的能力有关,而不是客观上最好的方法。
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“We’ll Take the Tough Ones”
Expertise in multi-door criminal justice enables new forms of intervention within existing criminal justice systems. Expertise provides criminal justice personnel with the rationale and means to use their authority in order to carry out their existing roles for the purpose of doing (what they see as) good. In the first section, we outline theoretical frameworks derived from Gil Eyal’s sociology of expertise and Thomas Haskell’s evolution of moral sensibility. We use professional stakeholder interview data (N = 45) from our studies of three emerging and existing prostitution diversion programs as a case study to illustrate how criminal justice actors use what we define as primary, secondary, and tertiary expertise in multi-agency working groups. Actors make use of the tools at their disposal—in this case, the concept of trauma—to further personal and professional goals. As our case study demonstrates, professionals in specialized diversion programs recognize the inadequacy of criminal justice systems and believe that women who sell sex do so as a response to past harms and a lack of social, emotional, and material resources to cope with their trauma. Trauma shapes the kinds of interventions and expertise that are marshalled in response. Specialized programs create seepage that may reduce solely punitive responses and pave the way for better services. However empathetic, they do nothing to address the societal forces that are the root causes of harm and resultant trauma. This may have more to do with imagined capacities than with the objectively best approaches.
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期刊介绍: Focused on examinations of crime and punishment in domestic, transnational, and international contexts, New Criminal Law Review provides timely, innovative commentary and in-depth scholarly analyses on a wide range of criminal law topics. The journal encourages a variety of methodological and theoretical approaches and is a crucial resource for criminal law professionals in both academia and the criminal justice system. The journal publishes thematic forum sections and special issues, full-length peer-reviewed articles, book reviews, and occasional correspondence.
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