Antioxidant effect of Lonicera Caerulea on heat stress-treated male mice

Over the past few decades, the increasing number of infertility factors in young men worldwide and the gradual deterioration of sperm quality have led to lower sperm parameters proposed by the World Health Organization (WHO) (Cohen et al., 2015). There is growing evidence that human sperm quality is declining. Decreased sperm quality is caused by exposure to negative lifestyle habits such as obesity, cell phone use, smoking, and alcohol consumption (Dissanayake et al., 2019). Among them, the most direct cause is genital heat stress due to high testicular heat, which is a real risk factor for male infertility. The testes are the male reproductive organs responsible for sperm production. In mammals, the temperature of the testes to form normal sperm must be 2-8°C below body temperature. Heat stress is applied to the testicles in daily living environments such as prolonged sitting or exposure to radiant heat, varicose veins, latent orchiopathy, over-the-lap use of laptops, sauna, and warm baths (Durairajanayagam et al., 2015; Hamilton et al., 2016). In elevated testicular temperature, sperm stem cells are damaged, affecting the differentiation and proliferation of sperm (Ahn et al., 2020). In addition, heat stress and Antioxidant effect of Lonicera Caerulea on heat stress-treated male mice