Modelling learning from errors in daily work

This study explores error situations and learning activities of nurses after the experience of an error episode. We assume that errors – although undesirable events – are a natural part of work processes and can lead to individual learning and organizational change. The importance of dealing with errors in an open and learning orientated way has been emphasized in applied works on quality and safety management. Furthermore, research on work-place learning and professional development has indicated that learning from errors is an important way of developing professional competence. Until now, little is known about how and under which conditions individual learning from errors takes place at work. For the purpose of empirical investigation, a process model was developed which conceptualizes learning from errors in terms of the engagement in self-regulated learning activities after the experience of an error episode. This model was further developed in an exploratory interview study with 10 experts in the field of hospital nursing. We found that especially non-formal learning activities that incorporate social exchange were considered to be important. The results of the study guide the further development of research instruments and studies aiming to investigate learning from errors.