自闭症儿童龋齿和牙周健康状况的评估:一项病例对照研究

Ahmed Bin Khalid Khan, Seeme Nigar, Naseer Ahmed, Anum Tanwir, Chander Kumar, Sara Altamash
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引用次数: 0

摘要

背景:由于口腔卫生不良,自闭症儿童的牙齿问题很常见。在牙科治疗过程中,自闭症儿童面临的主要挑战是沟通能力下降。本研究旨在了解自闭症儿童的口腔健康状况,并比较自闭症儿童与健康儿童患龋齿和牙周病的风险。方法:本病例对照研究在谢赫哈利法·本·扎耶德学校里程碑慈善信托和国防住房管理局(DHA)进行,为期04个月(2019年12月1日至2020年3月30日)。在病例中,包括67名自闭症儿童,在对照组中,包括67名年龄在7至17岁之间的健康儿童,不分性别。所有的参与者都被检查和评估是否有任何龋齿损害和牙周健康。数据分析使用SPSS version 23。结果:患儿总体平均年龄为12.51±2.99岁。134名儿童中,男占53.7%,女占46.3%。自闭症儿童患牙周病的几率是健康儿童的5.52倍(p < 0.001)。自闭症儿童患龋齿的几率是健康儿童的3.43倍(p < 0.001)。在这两个年龄组(10岁)中,自闭症儿童患牙周病和龋齿的风险高于正常儿童。然而,从性别上看,男性自闭症儿童患龋齿的风险比正常儿童高。结论:与健康儿童相比,自闭症儿童患龋齿和牙周病的几率更高。关键词:自闭症谱系障碍,龋齿,牙周炎
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Evaluation of Dental Caries and Periodontal Health Status in Children with Autism: a Case Control Study
Background: Dental problems are common in autistic children due to poor oral hygiene. During the dental treatment, main challenge is reduced ability of autistic kids to communicate. The objective of this study was to investigate about the oral health status of autistic children and to compare the risk of dental caries and periodontal disease between children with autism and healthy controls. Methodology: This case-control study was conducted at the Milestone Charitable Trust and Defense Housing Authority (DHA), Sheikh Khalifa Bin Zayed School, for the duration of 04 months (1st Dec 2019 – 30th March 2020). Among cases, 67 autistic children and among controls,67 healthy children, of age 7 to 17 years, of either gender, were included. All the participants were examined and assessed for presence or absence of any carious lesions, and periodontal health. Data analysis was done using SPSS version 23. Results: The overall mean age of included children was 12.51±2.99 years. Of 134 children, 53.7% were males and 46.3% females. The odds of periodontal disease were 5.52 times higher in autistic children as compared to healthy children (p < .001). The odds of dental caries were 3.43 times higher in autistic children as compared to healthy children (p < .001). In both age groups (<=10 years and >10 years), the risk of periodontal disease and dental caries was higher among autistic children as compared to normal children. While, according to gender, the risk of dental caries was higher among male autistic children as compared to normal children. Conclusion: The odds of dental caries and periodontal disease were higher among autistic children as compared to healthy controls. Keywords: Autism Spectrum Disorder, Dental caries, Periodontitis
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