Features of the prognosis and outcomes of pregnancy with massive subchorionic thrombosis. A literature review

Massive subchorionic thrombohematoma, also termed in the literature as Breus mole, is a rare condition in which a large maternal blood clot separates the chorionic plate from the chorionic villi. The etiology and pathogenesis of this condition are yet unclear, and the very concept of massive subchorionic thrombohematoma remains vague due to the singularity of clinical cases and the necessity to distinguish it from other types of hematomas. The lack of a unified view on the pathology and clear-cut clinical, laboratory and ultrasound criteria can lead to insufficient attention of doctors and untimely or even incorrect establishing diagnosis, which significantly worsens the prognosis of pregnancy and increases the risk of potential complications. Patients with massive subchorionic thrombohematoma require increased attention due to the high rate of such manifestations as antenatal death, fetal growth retardation, late miscarriage, and preeclampsia. Each case should be carefully analyzed in order to find predictors of thrombohematomas and methods of their prevention.