小儿脑MRI:正常还是不正常,这是个问题。

A. Tan
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引用次数: 2

摘要

儿童大脑的核磁共振成像(MRI)为我们提供了对出生后发生的成熟过程的深刻了解。然而,为了让我们从提供给我们的信息中获益,我们必须首先建立常态。这是极具挑战性的,特别是在生命的头两年,因为正常大脑的外观会根据发育阶段而变化。本文概述了正常外观的变化,如何与真正的病理区分的线索以及它们的临床意义。在回顾小儿脑部磁共振图像时,有几个常见的混淆点被强调,包括1)脑内正常的信号强度是什么?什么时候诊断HIE或脑室周围白质软化?2)脑室肿大:是良性外置性脑积水、外空性脑室扩张还是沟通性脑积水?3)胼胝体:不仅仅是一个中线结构。什么时候叫异常,常见的相关异常有哪些,如何用它来估计侮辱的时间?4)大脑皮质增厚:皮质发育畸形(MCD)和皮质“假性增厚”5)丹迪·沃克综合征、下蚓发育不全、持续性布雷克囊囊肿或大池?
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Pediatric MRI Brain: Normal or abnormal, that is the question.
Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of the pediatric brain has provided us with great insight into the maturation processes that take place after birth. However, in order for us to derive benefits from the information provided to us, it is imperative for us to first establish normality. This is extremely challenging especially in the first 2 years of life as the appearance of a normal brain changes according to the stage of development. Changes in normal appearances, clues on how to differentiate them from true pathologies as well as their clinical significance are outlined in this article. Several points of confusion that commonly arise in reviewing MR images of pediatric brain are emphasized, including 1) What are the normal signal intensities within the brain? When do we make a diagnosis of HIE or periventricular leukomalacia? 2) Ventriculomegaly : Is it benign external hydrocephalus, ex-vacuo ventricular dilatation or communicating hydrocephalus? 3) Corpus callosum : More than just another midline structure. When to call it abnormal, what are the common associated abnormalities and how to use it to estimate the time of insult? 4) Thickened cerebral cortex : Malformations of cortical development (MCD) and “pseudothickening” of cortex 5) Dandy Walker syndrome, inferior vermian hypoplasia, persistent Blake pouch cyst or mega cisterna magna?
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