拉脱维亚森林生态系统服务:经验和趋势评估

Rolands Feldmanis, I. Pilvere
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引用次数: 0

摘要

这项研究观察了拉脱维亚在评价生态系统服务方面的经验。拉脱维亚的经济发展受到森林面积的显著影响,森林面积占全国总面积的52%。对拉脱维亚生态系统的服务进行评估并以货币形式对其进行估价,可以大大改变拉脱维亚的经济结构。因此,在为拉脱维亚的森林和有关工业拟订政策文件时,应考虑到国内消费的生态系统服务的价值和出口服务的可能性。本研究旨在对确定生态系统服务价值的生态系统服务价值评估方法和指标进行理论观察和经验收集,并提出评估拉脱维亚生态系统服务价值的主要方法。应当承认,拉脱维亚没有就生态系统服务对国民经济的潜在货币贡献进行广泛的研究。在拉脱维亚进行了几项只侧重于某些领域的研究。应该强调的是,估价实践采用了广泛的方法。因此,有必要检查和选择最合适的方法来确定拉脱维亚条件下生态系统服务的价值,补充方法的范围并使其适应当地条件,以便它们有助于在国家和国际范围内更准确地评估生态系统服务。确定生态系统服务的价值将有助于将国家投资从传统工业转向有效的林地管理。否则,私人森林财产越来越多地出售给外国企业,这可能导致拉脱维亚国家首都未来的价值下降。
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Forest Ecosystem Services in Latvia: Assessing of Experience and Tendencies
The research observed the experience of Latvia in valuing ecosystem services. The development of the economy of Latvia is significantly affected by the forest area reaching 52 % of the country’s total area. Assessing the services of the ecosystem of Latvia and valuing them in monetary terms could significantly change the structure of the economy of Latvia. Therefore, the value of ecosystem services consumed domestically and the possibility to export the services should be taken into account when drawing up policy documents for the forest and related industries of Latvia. The research aims to make a theoretical observation and experience collection of ecosystem service valuation methods and indicators that determine the value of ecosystem services and suggest the main methods for valuing the services of the ecosystem of Latvia. It should be acknowledged that no extensive research on the potential monetary contribution of ecosystem services to the national economy has been conducted in Latvia. Several research studies that focused only on certain areas have been carried out in Latvia. It should be emphasized that valuation practice employs a wide range of methods. Therefore, it is necessary to examine and select the most appropriate methods for identifying the value of ecosystem services under Latvian conditions, supplementing the range of the methods and adapting them to local conditions so that they help to more accurately value ecosystem services in the national and international context. Determining the value of ecosystem services would help to redirect the flow of national investment from traditional industries to efficient forest land management. Otherwise, private forest properties are increasingly sold to foreign businesses, which might lead to a lower value of the national capital of Latvia in the future.
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