氧化含锌材料用Waelz法还原二氧化碳的可能性研究

V. Shumskiy, N. Kulenova, Zh. S. Onalbayeva, Z. Akhmetvaliyeva, S. Mamyachenkov
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摘要

本文介绍了在Waelz窑中氧化含锌材料的Waelz加工过程中降低能源成本和二氧化碳排放可能性的模型研究结果。这些研究是使用在世界冶金过程和生产建模实践中广为人知的专业软件产品METSIM进行的,该软件允许分析技术模式变化对过程最终结果的影响。模型计算表明,当使用加热到200°C的鼓风,其流量从1000到7000 n.m 3 /h增加,大气吸力随之减少时,比能耗和二氧化碳排放量的下降幅度最大。据估计,碳和二氧化碳排放的比成本降低了30.2 - 35.5%,能源载体的总比成本降低了28 - 32%。同时,鼓风在回收锅炉的热交换器中加热到200℃,不需要额外的能量输入,与使用鼓氧相比,产生氧气的电力成本较高。采用附加喷氧(或用氧气富集空气)和加热鼓风来强化waelz工艺,同时减少从大气中吸入炉膛的空气,不仅降低了碳能量载体的比消耗,而且提高了碳的利用程度。估计碳利用程度的最大增幅为6.2雷尔%——从无氧冷风吹气的63.3%到无空气加热至200°C的空气-氧气吹气(7000 n.m³/h空气和185 n.m³/h氧气)的66.5%。为了保持最佳的氧化还原和热模式,需要正确调节窑炉的通风模式,同时考虑到窑炉卸料头的大气吸力。粉尘室中电荷、碳、鼓风和稀薄的具体消耗的不协调变化导致锌升华提取的减少和其与熟料的损失的增加。
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Investigation of the possibility of carbon dioxide reduction by Waelz processing of oxidized zinc-containing material
The results of model studies on the possibility of reducing energy costs and carbon dioxide emissions during the Waelz processing of oxidized zinc-containing material in waelz kilns are presented. The studies were carried out using a specialized software product METSIM widely known in the world practice of metallurgical process and production modeling that allows analyzing the effect of changes in technological modes on the final results of the process. Model calculations showed that the greatest decrease in specific energy consumption and CO 2 emissions is observed when using blast air heated to 200 °C with an increase in its flow rate from 1000 to 7000 n.m 3 /h and concomitant decrease in atmospheric air suction. The estimated reduction in the specific costs of carbon and CO 2 emissions amounted to 30,2—35,5 %, and the total specific cost of energy carriers — 28—32 %. At the same time, blast air heating to 200 °C in the heat exchanger of the recovery boiler does not require additional energy inputs, in contrast to the use of oxygen blast with the cost of electricity for producing oxygen. Intensification of the waelz process using additional oxygen blasting (or air blast enrichment with oxygen) and heated blast air supply with concomitant decrease in air suction into the furnace from the atmosphere leads not only to a decrease in the specific consumption of the carbon energy carrier, but also to an increase in the degree of carbon utilization. The maximum estimated increase in the degree of carbon utilization was 6,2 rel.% — from 60,3 % on cold air blast without oxygen to 66,5 % on an air-oxygen blast (7000 n.m 3 /h of air and 185 n.m 3 /h of oxygen) heated up to 200 °C without atmospheric air. Maintaining optimal oxidation-reduction and thermal modes of the process requires correct regulation of the kiln draft mode taking into account atmospheric air suction in the unloading head of the kiln. Uncoordinated changes in the specific consumptions of charge, carbon, blast air and rarefaction in the dust chamber lead to a concomitant decrease in the extraction of zinc to sublimates and increase in its losses with clinker.
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