Estimation of some genetic parameters using six populations mean analysis in three faba bean crosses exposed to natural infection of foliar diseases

This investigation was carried out in three winter seasons 2019/20, 2020/21 and 2021/2022at Sakha Agricultural Research Station, Kafr El-Sheikh Governorate, Egypt to estimate some genetic parameters of yield and its components as well as the extent of heterosis, inbreeding depression, heritability, genetic advance, and behavior of gene action in three faba bean crosses. The analysis of gene effects was done using means of Six populations (P 1 , P 2 , F 1 , F 2 , Bc 1 and Bc 2 ) of three faba bean crosses were used in this study. These crosses were (Sakha 3 x R V 322), (Nubaria 1 x RV 322) and (Giza 429 x Marina). Analysis of variance showed significant differences among the generations for all traits. Scaling test showed that most studied characters were significant, indicating the presence of non-allelic interactions. Both dominance and additive gene effects were important but mostly dominance higher than additive ones, indicating that dominant genes playing an important role in the inheritance of such traits beside the additive one. The second cross (Nubaria 1 x RV 322) gave a highly significant (aa) with negative values for flowering, maturity, chocolate spot and rust diseases traits, these indicate that the materials used in this study have a decreasing alleles expression which makes it improving through selection in the early generations. Significant positive inbreeding depression and heterotic effect values were detected for most studied traits. Crosses, especially the first cross (Sakha 3 x R V 322) gave the highest heritability in narrow-sense and genetic advance for number of branches, number of pods/plants, number of seeds/pod and seed yield. Therefore, selection in these populations should be effective and satisfactory in the successful breeding purposes.