Assessment of Sustainable Sanitation Systems: Urban Slums

Having an appropriate plan of sanitation systems is one of the critical issues in global urban slums nowadays. Poor sanitation systems in urban slums outcomes an enhanced vulnerability of severe diseases, low hygiene, and environmental risks within our environment. Greywater, human excreta, and solid waste are the main contributors increasing public health risks and amounts of pollution loads within the slum environment. Higher population growth, urge of urbanization and illegal status of urban slums makes it impossible to increase the level of performance of sanitation systems in urban slums. According to Sustainable Sanitation Alliance, design parameters for sanitation systems are set up to ensure sustainable environment. This paper reviews the categories of effluent, treatment technologies, and procedures of processes that are adopted in the urban slums. Based on these considerations, assessment of sustainable sanitation systems is done using sanitation chain concept in accordance to the pre-determined sustainability indicators and criteria which shows that this concept is potentially feasible and applicable in terms of sustainable sanitation in urban slums.