生物流动改进剂的潜力评价及其对尼日利亚含蜡原油的影响

A. Fadairo, T. Ogunkunle, A. Oladepo, A. Adesina
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摘要

许多石油工业生产和流动问题的根本原因是石蜡,特别是在寒冷和低温的深海油田。世界上生产的82 - 89%的碳氢化合物会在孔隙空间和流动通道、井眼周围、生产井或油管、射孔、泵管柱、抽油杆以及整个输油管系统中析出并固化。用倾点测量方法可以定量评价含蜡原油的流动能力。然而,在含蜡原油的流动过程中,这种性质的描述是不够的,因为含蜡原油的流变性能取决于粘度历史。由于含蜡原油在低温下具有凝胶化的倾向,利用凝胶化理论,可以对粘度-温度数据进行分析,并用于表征含蜡原油的温度行为。以生物柴油为原料,对尼日利亚含蜡原油进行了添加剂评价。在低温条件下对样品进行了室内流变学测试。将得到的剪切速率和剪切应力数据绘制成图。在低温工况下,纯蜡原油中生物柴油衍生添加剂的用量在0.1 ~ 0.5 v/v之间变化。实验研究表明,加入生物柴油衍生添加剂后,随着倾点和温度的降低,含蜡原油的流变性能显著降低,从而显著增强了含蜡原油在流动体系中的流动性。
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Evaluating the Potential of Bio-Derived Flow Improver and Its Effect on Nigeria Waxy Crude
A root cause of many oil industry production and flow problem is paraffin wax especially in cold and deep offshore fields which are at low temperatures. About 82 – 89% of the hydrocarbon produced in the world suffers when wax precipitates out and solidifies in the pore spaces and channels of flow, around the wellbore, in the production wells or tubing, perforations, pump strings, and rods, and the whole oil transport flow-lines systems. The flow capacity of waxy crude can be quantified and evaluated using the means of pour point measurement. However, the description of this property during the flow of waxy crude is insufficient because the waxy crude rheological properties depend on the viscosity history. Using gelation theory, viscosity – temperature data can be analyzed and used to characterize the temperature behavior of waxy crude as such crude has the tendency to gel at low temperature. This paper evaluates Nigerian Waxy Crude Oil using biodiesel based material as an additive. Laboratory measurements on rheology were carried out on the sample at low temperatures condition. The obtained data of shear rate and shear stress plotted. The dose of biodiesel derived additive in neat waxy crude oil was varied between 0.1 to 0.5 v/v at the operating low temperature. The experimental investigations furnish that there is significant decrease in rheological properties with the decrease in pour point and temperature upon the addition of biodiesel derived additive hence, significantly enhance the flow of waxy crude in a flow system.
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