地方规划的新框架和经验:卢甘斯克地区和主要工具的现状

Anatolii Melnychuk, O. Denysenko, Svitlana Hnatiuk
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引用次数: 0

摘要

的目标。过去几年来,乌克兰的后共产主义规划基本上发生了变化,新的方法、手段和做法改变了地方一级规划的理念。因此,地方规划正在成为多种常规规划工具、新的可选工具的混合体,这些工具的出现带有外来的概念和广泛的参与性实践。本文以卢甘斯克地区为背景,探讨这些工具如何从过渡后的角度改变地方一级的规划进程。我们研究了规划和参与性工具是如何在卢甘斯克地区的领土社区中开发和结合的,结果是什么,以及主要参与者如何评估规划过程。在本文中,我们结合近几十年来该地区严重的规划危机的经验,从空间转换和场所创造的角度考虑领土社区如何使用规划和参与工具。为了分析地方一级规划和参与工具的使用状况,我们重点研究了卢甘斯克州政府控制区26个地区社区的规划文件和参与工具(截至2021年底)。从两个焦点小组获得了关于规划过程、结果和特定工具的背景经验信息的额外数据,涉及35人,包括卢甘斯克地区不同领土社区的地方官员、当地活动家和居民。我们认为,领土社区依赖于相当多样化的规划文件和参与式实践,而对平衡空间发展的规划工具的关注不足。积极采用近年来出现的新的公众参与工具,在不依赖规划工具的情况下实施,在该区域产生了自相矛盾的效果。与此同时,许多领土社区正在使各种文书适应当地的具体情况,从而对发展当地体制环境、创造当地成功故事和加强民主决策作出重大贡献。我们表明,在大多数情况下,主要参与者对规划工具、规划活动的实施和结果的感知和评估是不同的,然而,他们中的许多人越来越意识到规划过程,并对发展规划文化感兴趣。具有新颖性和现实意义。本文有助于讨论地方规划工具的演变,以及某些工具在过渡后视角下的作用和有效性。了解地方规划和参与性工具的状况、它们的相互作用和提供预期成果的能力有助于加强地方规划政策并使其更有效。
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New frameworks and experiences in local planning: Luhansk region and the state of main instruments
Aim. Post-communist planning in Ukraine was essentially transformed over the last years with new approaches, instruments and practices changing the very idea of planning at the local level. As a result, local planning is becoming a mix of multiple usual planning instruments, new optional tools, which have appeared with imported conceptions and widespread participatory practices. This article uses the context of Luhansk region to address the question how this variety of instruments transform the planning processes at the local level in post-transitional perspective. We examine how planning and participatory instruments are developed and combined in the territorial communities of Luhansk region, what are the outcomes and how the main actors evaluate the planning process. Methodology. In this article, we consider how territorial communities use the planning and participation instruments from the standpoints of spatial transformations and place-making, using the experience of the region with a severe planning crisis in recent decades. In order to analyze the state of use of planning and participation instruments at the local level, we focus on planning documents and participatory tools in 26 territorial communities of the government controlled areas in Luhansk region (as of the end of 2021). Additional data for contextualizing empirical information on the planning process, its outcomes and particular instruments were obtained from two focus groups, which involved 35 persons, including local officials, local activists and residents from different territorial communities of Luhansk region. Results. We argue that territorial communities rely on quite diverse planning documents and participatory practices with insufficient focus on planning instruments for balancing the spatial development. Active introduction of the new public participation tools that have become available in recent years had a paradoxical effect in the region, when implementing without reliance on planning instruments. At the same time, many territorial communities are adapting various instruments to specific local context, thus contributing significantly to developing the local institutional environment, creating local success stories and strengthening democratic decision-making. We show that planning instruments, their implementations and outcomes of planning activity in most cases are perceived and evaluated differently by the main actors, however many of them are becoming increasingly aware about planning process and interested in developing the planning culture. Novelty and practical significance. This paper contributes to the discussion on the evolution of local planning instruments, the role and effectiveness of certain instruments in the post-transitional perspective. Understanding the state of affairs with local planning and participatory instruments, their interplay and ability to provide expected outcomes contributes to strengthening of the local planning policy and making it more effective.
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Geochemical features of the accumulation and migration of heavy metals in the peats of the Lviv region Height differentiation of valley-river landscapes of the right-bank Ukraine Problems of spatially distributed quantitative evaluation of soil erosion losses Improving of ecological and economic management of land resources by with zonal aspect New frameworks and experiences in local planning: Luhansk region and the state of main instruments
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