{"title":"高效液相色谱-二极管阵列检测器在布隆迪测定和定量原料蜂胶中的没食子酸","authors":"R. Nyandwi, Ayşe S. Kılıç, Meltem Çelik, H. Oruç","doi":"10.24248/EASCI.V1I1.18","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"Background:\n Honey, pollen, and propolis are among the products that\n bees process and derive from plants and flowers. Propolis is a resinous\n material that bees gather from the buds and bark of some trees and small\n plants. Propolis from temperate climates mainly contains phenolic\n compounds, in contrast with propolis from tropical climates, which\n mainly contains terpenes. This study aimed to determine, characterise,\n and quantify the phenolic content of raw propolis from\n Burundi. Methods:\n In this study, a total of 6 samples were collected from\n the provinces of Rumonge, Cibitoke, and Ruyigi in Burundi. Fifteen\n phenolic compounds (caffeic acid, ferulic acid, epigallocatechin\n gallate, isoferulic acid, cinnamic acid, caffeic acid phenethyl ester,\n gallic acid, apigenin, chrysin, galangin, quercetin, kaempherol, rutin\n trihydrate, naringenin, and pinocembrin) were used as high-performance\n liquid chromatography (HPLC) standards for qualitative and quantitative\n analyses of the propolis samples. Results: Among the 15\n phenolic compounds checked, only 1 – gallic acid – was detected at a\n measurable level using an HPLC-diode array detector system.\n Conclusion: In addition\n to terpenes, propolis found in sub-Saharan Africa may contain phenolic\n compounds. Further advanced investigation of sub-Saharan African\n propolis is required for more detailed\n characterisation.","PeriodicalId":11398,"journal":{"name":"East Africa Science","volume":"6 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0000,"publicationDate":"2019-03-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"3","resultStr":"{\"title\":\"Determination and Quantification of Gallic Acid in Raw Propolis by High-performance Liquid Chromatography–Diode Array Detector in Burundi\",\"authors\":\"R. Nyandwi, Ayşe S. Kılıç, Meltem Çelik, H. Oruç\",\"doi\":\"10.24248/EASCI.V1I1.18\",\"DOIUrl\":null,\"url\":null,\"abstract\":\"Background:\\n Honey, pollen, and propolis are among the products that\\n bees process and derive from plants and flowers. Propolis is a resinous\\n material that bees gather from the buds and bark of some trees and small\\n plants. Propolis from temperate climates mainly contains phenolic\\n compounds, in contrast with propolis from tropical climates, which\\n mainly contains terpenes. This study aimed to determine, characterise,\\n and quantify the phenolic content of raw propolis from\\n Burundi. Methods:\\n In this study, a total of 6 samples were collected from\\n the provinces of Rumonge, Cibitoke, and Ruyigi in Burundi. Fifteen\\n phenolic compounds (caffeic acid, ferulic acid, epigallocatechin\\n gallate, isoferulic acid, cinnamic acid, caffeic acid phenethyl ester,\\n gallic acid, apigenin, chrysin, galangin, quercetin, kaempherol, rutin\\n trihydrate, naringenin, and pinocembrin) were used as high-performance\\n liquid chromatography (HPLC) standards for qualitative and quantitative\\n analyses of the propolis samples. Results: Among the 15\\n phenolic compounds checked, only 1 – gallic acid – was detected at a\\n measurable level using an HPLC-diode array detector system.\\n Conclusion: In addition\\n to terpenes, propolis found in sub-Saharan Africa may contain phenolic\\n compounds. Further advanced investigation of sub-Saharan African\\n propolis is required for more detailed\\n characterisation.\",\"PeriodicalId\":11398,\"journal\":{\"name\":\"East Africa Science\",\"volume\":\"6 1\",\"pages\":\"\"},\"PeriodicalIF\":0.0000,\"publicationDate\":\"2019-03-25\",\"publicationTypes\":\"Journal Article\",\"fieldsOfStudy\":null,\"isOpenAccess\":false,\"openAccessPdf\":\"\",\"citationCount\":\"3\",\"resultStr\":null,\"platform\":\"Semanticscholar\",\"paperid\":null,\"PeriodicalName\":\"East Africa Science\",\"FirstCategoryId\":\"1085\",\"ListUrlMain\":\"https://doi.org/10.24248/EASCI.V1I1.18\",\"RegionNum\":0,\"RegionCategory\":null,\"ArticlePicture\":[],\"TitleCN\":null,\"AbstractTextCN\":null,\"PMCID\":null,\"EPubDate\":\"\",\"PubModel\":\"\",\"JCR\":\"\",\"JCRName\":\"\",\"Score\":null,\"Total\":0}","platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"East Africa Science","FirstCategoryId":"1085","ListUrlMain":"https://doi.org/10.24248/EASCI.V1I1.18","RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":null,"ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"","JCRName":"","Score":null,"Total":0}
Determination and Quantification of Gallic Acid in Raw Propolis by High-performance Liquid Chromatography–Diode Array Detector in Burundi
Background:
Honey, pollen, and propolis are among the products that
bees process and derive from plants and flowers. Propolis is a resinous
material that bees gather from the buds and bark of some trees and small
plants. Propolis from temperate climates mainly contains phenolic
compounds, in contrast with propolis from tropical climates, which
mainly contains terpenes. This study aimed to determine, characterise,
and quantify the phenolic content of raw propolis from
Burundi. Methods:
In this study, a total of 6 samples were collected from
the provinces of Rumonge, Cibitoke, and Ruyigi in Burundi. Fifteen
phenolic compounds (caffeic acid, ferulic acid, epigallocatechin
gallate, isoferulic acid, cinnamic acid, caffeic acid phenethyl ester,
gallic acid, apigenin, chrysin, galangin, quercetin, kaempherol, rutin
trihydrate, naringenin, and pinocembrin) were used as high-performance
liquid chromatography (HPLC) standards for qualitative and quantitative
analyses of the propolis samples. Results: Among the 15
phenolic compounds checked, only 1 – gallic acid – was detected at a
measurable level using an HPLC-diode array detector system.
Conclusion: In addition
to terpenes, propolis found in sub-Saharan Africa may contain phenolic
compounds. Further advanced investigation of sub-Saharan African
propolis is required for more detailed
characterisation.