{"title":"LoRa创新协议的设计与评估","authors":"Chen Zhong, Andreas Springer","doi":"10.1049/wss2.12033","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<p>This paper proposes a low power application dedicated protocol stack which consists of a contention-constrained <i>p</i>-CSMA (CCP) protocol over the LoRa modulation technique and a consecutive successful transmission controlled transport (CSTCT) protocol. The aim of these innovative protocols is to boost the network performance in terms of throughput and energy consumption while the transmission latency is still acceptable. As a reference, firstly, <i>p</i>-CSMA is evaluated with the consideration of under-noise-level communication. Then, the CCP protocol is proposed with the consideration of the speciality of the carrier sensing feature provided by the LoRa modem, which differs from the traditional energy level detection carrier sensing method. The CSTCT protocol resides at the CCP MAC layer which is light-weight and devised to further improve the overall throughput. The performance of the protocol stack is evaluated in simulations using various settings with predefined parameters that are drawn from experiments. The results show that our CCP MAC protocol and CSTCT transport protocol provide 10% higher throughput compared to the classic <i>p</i>-CSMA when the offered load is lower than 1.3 while the energy consumption is reduced by a factor of 2 and it remains latency limited.</p>","PeriodicalId":51726,"journal":{"name":"IET Wireless Sensor Systems","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.5000,"publicationDate":"2021-12-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ietresearch.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1049/wss2.12033","citationCount":"3","resultStr":"{\"title\":\"Design and evaluation of innovative protocols for LoRa\",\"authors\":\"Chen Zhong, Andreas Springer\",\"doi\":\"10.1049/wss2.12033\",\"DOIUrl\":null,\"url\":null,\"abstract\":\"<p>This paper proposes a low power application dedicated protocol stack which consists of a contention-constrained <i>p</i>-CSMA (CCP) protocol over the LoRa modulation technique and a consecutive successful transmission controlled transport (CSTCT) protocol. The aim of these innovative protocols is to boost the network performance in terms of throughput and energy consumption while the transmission latency is still acceptable. As a reference, firstly, <i>p</i>-CSMA is evaluated with the consideration of under-noise-level communication. Then, the CCP protocol is proposed with the consideration of the speciality of the carrier sensing feature provided by the LoRa modem, which differs from the traditional energy level detection carrier sensing method. The CSTCT protocol resides at the CCP MAC layer which is light-weight and devised to further improve the overall throughput. The performance of the protocol stack is evaluated in simulations using various settings with predefined parameters that are drawn from experiments. The results show that our CCP MAC protocol and CSTCT transport protocol provide 10% higher throughput compared to the classic <i>p</i>-CSMA when the offered load is lower than 1.3 while the energy consumption is reduced by a factor of 2 and it remains latency limited.</p>\",\"PeriodicalId\":51726,\"journal\":{\"name\":\"IET Wireless Sensor Systems\",\"volume\":null,\"pages\":null},\"PeriodicalIF\":1.5000,\"publicationDate\":\"2021-12-24\",\"publicationTypes\":\"Journal Article\",\"fieldsOfStudy\":null,\"isOpenAccess\":false,\"openAccessPdf\":\"https://ietresearch.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1049/wss2.12033\",\"citationCount\":\"3\",\"resultStr\":null,\"platform\":\"Semanticscholar\",\"paperid\":null,\"PeriodicalName\":\"IET Wireless Sensor Systems\",\"FirstCategoryId\":\"1085\",\"ListUrlMain\":\"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1049/wss2.12033\",\"RegionNum\":0,\"RegionCategory\":null,\"ArticlePicture\":[],\"TitleCN\":null,\"AbstractTextCN\":null,\"PMCID\":null,\"EPubDate\":\"\",\"PubModel\":\"\",\"JCR\":\"Q3\",\"JCRName\":\"TELECOMMUNICATIONS\",\"Score\":null,\"Total\":0}","platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"IET Wireless Sensor Systems","FirstCategoryId":"1085","ListUrlMain":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1049/wss2.12033","RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":null,"ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q3","JCRName":"TELECOMMUNICATIONS","Score":null,"Total":0}
Design and evaluation of innovative protocols for LoRa
This paper proposes a low power application dedicated protocol stack which consists of a contention-constrained p-CSMA (CCP) protocol over the LoRa modulation technique and a consecutive successful transmission controlled transport (CSTCT) protocol. The aim of these innovative protocols is to boost the network performance in terms of throughput and energy consumption while the transmission latency is still acceptable. As a reference, firstly, p-CSMA is evaluated with the consideration of under-noise-level communication. Then, the CCP protocol is proposed with the consideration of the speciality of the carrier sensing feature provided by the LoRa modem, which differs from the traditional energy level detection carrier sensing method. The CSTCT protocol resides at the CCP MAC layer which is light-weight and devised to further improve the overall throughput. The performance of the protocol stack is evaluated in simulations using various settings with predefined parameters that are drawn from experiments. The results show that our CCP MAC protocol and CSTCT transport protocol provide 10% higher throughput compared to the classic p-CSMA when the offered load is lower than 1.3 while the energy consumption is reduced by a factor of 2 and it remains latency limited.
期刊介绍:
IET Wireless Sensor Systems is aimed at the growing field of wireless sensor networks and distributed systems, which has been expanding rapidly in recent years and is evolving into a multi-billion dollar industry. The Journal has been launched to give a platform to researchers and academics in the field and is intended to cover the research, engineering, technological developments, innovative deployment of distributed sensor and actuator systems. Topics covered include, but are not limited to theoretical developments of: Innovative Architectures for Smart Sensors;Nano Sensors and Actuators Unstructured Networking; Cooperative and Clustering Distributed Sensors; Data Fusion for Distributed Sensors; Distributed Intelligence in Distributed Sensors; Energy Harvesting for and Lifetime of Smart Sensors and Actuators; Cross-Layer Design and Layer Optimisation in Distributed Sensors; Security, Trust and Dependability of Distributed Sensors. The Journal also covers; Innovative Services and Applications for: Monitoring: Health, Traffic, Weather and Toxins; Surveillance: Target Tracking and Localization; Observation: Global Resources and Geological Activities (Earth, Forest, Mines, Underwater); Industrial Applications of Distributed Sensors in Green and Agile Manufacturing; Sensor and RFID Applications of the Internet-of-Things ("IoT"); Smart Metering; Machine-to-Machine Communications.