药物流行病学注释

Saravani Udathala
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摘要

药物流行病学是一门新兴的科学,它利用大量的观察性检查计划来调查药物的充分性或毒性。在过去的几年里,分布在临床日记中的药物流行病学考虑的数量已经扩大,因为这些调查调查了药物相关的询问,有时无法通过随机初步调查来回答。例如,一项病例对照研究表明,吸入皮质类固醇可以减少与哮喘相关的死亡。一个随机的初步研究可能不会有解决这个问题的选择,因为拒绝对哮喘患者进行糖皮质激素治疗是不道德的。另一个具有不可思议的总体健康意义的领域可以简单地通过药物流行病学检查来评估,即医生认可的药物使用与发动机车辆事故危险之间的潜在关系。研究表明,方法学上稳定的流行病学检查可以提供与大量随机初步调查相当的结果。这篇文章是关于药物流行病学的两部分中的第一部分。将审查四种药物流行病学研究计划,以调查特定药理学专家与高级疾病之间的关系:同谋考虑,病例对照考虑,病例混合检查和病例-时间对照考虑。随后的文章(将在《药物治疗》杂志9月号上发表)将对病例对照和伴检之间的方法学和科学对比进行逐点讨论。在那篇文章中,我们将讨论控制与时间相关的开放和利用已解决的案例控制研究的策略。
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A Note on Pharmacoepidemiology
Pharmacoepidemiology is a generally new science that investigates drug adequacy or poisonousness utilizing huge observational examination plans. In the previous few years, the quantity of pharmacoepidemiologic considers distributed in clinical diaries has expanded, as these investigations have investigated drugrelated inquiries that on occasion can't be replied by performing randomized preliminaries. For instance, a case-control study demonstrated that breathed in corticosteroids diminished asthmarelated passings. A randomized preliminary presumably would not have had the option to address this inquiry, as it would have been unscrupulous to deny glucocorticoid treatment to patients with asthma. Another territory of incredible general wellbeing significance that can be assessed simply by pharmacoepidemiologic examines concerns potential relationship between physician endorsed drug use and the danger of engine vehicle mishaps. Studies have indicated that methodologically stable epidemiologic examinations can give comparable outcomes to those of enormous randomized preliminaries. This article is the first of two sections on pharmacoepidemiology [1]. Four pharmacoepidemiologic study plans will be examined that investigate the relationship between a particular pharmacologic specialist and an illness of premium: accomplice considers, case-control contemplates, casehybrid examinations, and case-time-control contemplates. The subsequent article (to be distributed in the September issue of Pharmacotherapy) will give a more point by point conversation of the methodological and scientific contrasts between case-control and companion examines. Strategies for controlling for time dependent openings and frustrating utilizing the settled casecontrol study will be tended to in that article [2].
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