P488 Successful treatment of breakthrough invasive aspergillosis in an immunocompetent individual based on therapeutic drug monitoring: A case report

Abstract Poster session 1, September 21, 2022, 12:30 PM - 1:30 PM Background Invasive aspergillosis (IA) is an opportunistic fungal infection in immunocompromised patients with high mortality. Aspergillus flavus is the second pathogen of IA. Breakthrough IA was defined as any IA occurring during exposure to an antifungal drug. Case presentation A 22-year-old female college student was admitted severely unwell with dizziness and left limb weakness. She was healthy previously and did not take any medication. Magnetic resonance imaging showed a right intracranial space-occupying lesion. The postoperative pathological and morphological examinations suggested Aspergillus flavus. The anti-fungal medication, voriconazole, was administered immediately. Unfortunately, her condition deteriorated, and she experienced coma after about 1 month of antifungal treatment. The emergency craniotomy revealed a large amount of pus and the culture of pus confirmed Aspergillus flavus. Antifungal regimen was developed by infectious disease specialists, and drug concentration was monitored continuously. This patient received antifungal treatment for 2 years. No recurrence was observed after 6 months of antifungal drug withdrawal, and she can take care of herself. See Figures below. Conclusion Breakthrough IA occurs in patients who lack high risk factors, making diagnosis more difficult and leading to a higher risk of mortality. Therapeutic drug monitoring is crucial for therapeutic success. Meanwhile, multidisciplinary therapeutics can improve the survival rate.