语言在语用世界中的价值:全球与国家视角

I. Druviete
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摘要

本文论述了以经济为导向的当代世界对语言和语言的感知,以及拉脱维亚等以语言为中心的国家对语言和语言的感知的具体特征。关于语言的“知识”、“符号”和实践处理,可以讨论两个主要层面:全球(超国家)和国家层面。大多数国家都通过了专门的法律或制定了国家一级的计划,以保护各自民族特征中最重要的元素,特别是民间传说、传统生活方式、信仰和语言。在21世纪初,欧盟的经济和政治目标已经与欧洲文化和欧洲认同的想法联系在一起。与此同时,各成员国的语言、历史和传统的普及也得到了重视。拉脱维亚共和国属于这样的国家,在政治辩论中,甚至在许多非正式谈话中,对语言的思想和观点的多样性始终存在和强烈。本文给出了一个洞察拉脱维亚的语言政策对全球和欧洲的社会语言学进程和广泛使用的所谓的国际语言,特别是英语的背景下。
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Language as a Value in a Pragmatic World: Global and National Approach
The article deals with the perception of language and languages in the economy-oriented contemporary world and its specific features in such language-centered countries as Latvia. Two main levels could be discussed concerning the ‘intellectual’, ‘symbolic’ and practical treatment of language: a global (supra-national) and a national one. In majority of countries special laws have been adopted or national level programs have been enacted in order to protect the most significant elements of respective national identities – folklore, traditional ways of life, beliefs and languages in particular. At the beginning of the 21st century, economic and political goals of the European Union have been associated with the ideas of European culture and European identity. At the same time, the popularization of the languages, histories, and traditions of the member states have also been emphasized. The Republic of Latvia belongs to the countries where the diversity of thoughts and viewpoints on language are ever present and intense in both the political debates and even in many informal conversations. The paper gives an insight in Latvian language policy against the background of global and European sociolinguistic processes and wide usage of so-called international languages, English in particular.
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