日本农业中利用天敌建立和传播IPM计划的推广组织的途径

IF 0.2 4区 农林科学 Q4 ENTOMOLOGY Japanese Journal of Applied Entomology and Zoology Pub Date : 2020-08-25 DOI:10.1303/jjaez.2020.93
Naoto Kusama, S. Yamanaka
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引用次数: 2

摘要

自2006年以来,我们与日本的农业推广官员、相关研究机构和IPM产品公司合作,致力于建立和推广害虫综合治理(IPM)计划。如今,12年过去了,IPM与生物防治剂(BCA)的结合使用已推广到许多农业生产场所。从2015年开始,IPM在番茄、草莓、甜椒、黄瓜、茄子、瓜类、西瓜、观赏植物、柑橘等温室栽培中推广推广,并推广到露天茄子中。因此,在温室栽培的草莓、甜椒、茄子、黄瓜和柑橘中,主要被天敌作为主要BCA使用的ipm被认为由于以下三个主要贡献而急剧增加。1)为了稳定和成功地实施IPM计划,在利用加利福尼亚新绥螨和威氏钝绥螨等多面手掠食性螨增加害虫之前,应先提高天敌密度。2)开展示范试验,推广人员与种植者一起规划、验证和评估,提高了推广人员的知识和技能。3)由于我们在日本进行了多方面的示范试验,IPM方案使用技术的信息共享在短时间内取得了进展。然而,对于西红柿、观赏植物、甜瓜和西瓜来说,缺乏防治疾病的解决工具和防治方案的性价比一直是问题,因此IPM方案的使用越来越不受欢迎。为了建立IPM技术,我们认为重要的是开展宣传活动,展示IPM的好处,为每个地区和种植者解决问题,并让种植者认识到选择IPM的优点。
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Approach of an Extension Organization for the Establishment and Dissemination of an IPM Program Using Natural Enemies in Japanese Agriculture
Since 2006, we have worked on the establishment and dissemination of an Integrated Pest Management (IPM)program in cooperation with agricultural extension officers, related research organizations, and IPM product companies in Japan. Today, 12 years have passed, and the use of IPM with biological control agents(BCA)has spread to many agricultural production sites. Dissemination and extension activities of IPM were promoted not only in the greenhouse cultivation of tomatoes, strawberries, sweet peppers, cucumbers, eggplants, melons, watermelons, ornamentals, and citruses, but also spreading to eggplants in the open field from 2015. As a result, in strawberries, sweet peppers, eggplants, cucumbers, and citruses grown in greenhouse, IPMs, which are mainly used by natural enemies as the main BCA, are considered to have increased dramatically due to the following three major contributions. 1)For a stable and successful IPM program, it was important to let the natural enemy density grow before increasing pest insects by using generalist predatory mites, such as Neoseiulus californicus and Amblyseius swirskii. 2)Demonstration tests were conducted in which extension officers planned, verified, and evaluated with the growers, which led to an improvement in their knowledge and skills. 3)As we conducted multifaceted demonstration tests in Japan, the sharing of information on the techniques of using IPM programs has progressed in a short period of time. However, for tomatoes, ornamentals, melons, and watermelons, a lack of solution tools against disease control and the cost performance of control programs have been issues, and the use of IPM programs is becoming less popular. In order to establish IPM techniques, we think it is important to conduct dissemination activities for showing the benefits of IPM leading to problem-solving for each region and grower, and for growers to recognize the merit of selecting IPM.
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来源期刊
CiteScore
0.70
自引率
40.00%
发文量
34
审稿时长
>12 weeks
期刊介绍: The Japanese Journal of Applied Entomology and Zoology has the abbreviated Japanese name, "ODOKON", and publishes papers on fundamental and applied research, reviews of research and book reviews in order to promote and spread information from the extensive fields related to applied entomology and zoology. This journal publishes contributions of research on entomology and zoology concerning agriculture, medicine, ecology, etc., and bears a leading role to publish pioneering works in these fields. The contributors belong to universities, independent administrative agencies, public institutions, private enterprises, etc., and the contents of papers have a diverse and varied range.
期刊最新文献
Contents of Japanese Journal of Entomology (New Series) Vol. 26, No. 3 トゲシラホシカメムシ(カメムシ目:カメムシ科)成虫の生理状態の季節変動と飛翔活動との関係 日本昆虫学会会誌“Entomological Science”目次Vol. 26, Issue 3 目次 2023年度論文校閲者へのお礼
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