Synthesis and thermal stability of a novel polyfunctional pyridine-based derivative featuring amino, nitro, and guanidine groups

A new pyridine derivative 1-(4-amino-3,5-dinitropyridin-2-yl) guanidine (ADG) was synthesized through nitration and substitution reaction using 4-amino-2-cholopyridine as raw material. Its structure was characterized by spectroscopy, nuclear magnetic resonance, and mass spectrometry. The crystal of ADG is monoclinic, space group Pbca with crystal parameters of a = 7.23 Å, b = 14.56 Å, c = 17.93 Å, α = β= γ= 90 Å, V = 1911 Å3, μ = 0.143 mm−1, and Z = 8. This new molecule exhibits moderate density ( ρ= 1.677 g cm−3), good thermal stability with a decomposition temperature of 217 °C, and moderate detonation property with detonation pressure of 20.83 GPa and detonation velocity of 7.00 km s−1. The Hirshfeld surface analysis revealed a significant contribution of weak interactions to the packing forces for molecules. Electron localization function analysis indicates that there is substantial electron localization in regions of C–H, N–H, and N–O covalent bond sites.