挪威栽培黑莓(Rubus fruticosus L.)地上成分上的真菌。

IF 1.7 4区 农林科学 Q2 AGRONOMY Acta Agriculturae Scandinavica Section B-Soil and Plant Science Pub Date : 2003-01-01 DOI:10.1080/09064710310006508
B. Nordskog, A. Stensvand, N. Heiberg
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引用次数: 8

摘要

栽培黑莓(Rubus fruticosus)最近被引入挪威,大多数种植是在20世纪90年代建立的。这些植物中的许多都枯死了,或者叶片和茎部受到严重损害。植物病原菌与冻害的结合被怀疑是造成冻害的原因。1998- 1999年,对大田和大棚种植的黑莓进行了植物病原真菌和腐生真菌的调查。在23个栽培(19个大田栽培和4个温室栽培)的18个栽培品种中鉴定出33种不同的真菌。其中12种为致病真菌,21种为非致病性次生入侵者。甘蔗上最主要的病原菌是紫斑Septocyta ruborum(紫色斑疹),Gnomonia rubi(溃疡病)和Sydowiella depressula(溃疡病)。对甘蔗影响较小的病原真菌是炭疽病(Elsinoe veneta)和甘蔗枯萎病(Coniothyrium fuckelii)。霜霉病(Peronospora sparsa)是危害叶片的主要真菌。果实上灰霉病(Botrytis cinerea)是最常见的病原菌。枝孢霉(Cladosporium rot)和青霉(Penicillium spp. Blue mould)在水果上经常被观察到,但似乎没有显著的重要性。其他轻微的果实腐烂是由炭疽菌(Colletotrichum gloeosporioides)和毛霉(Mucor rot)引起的。在藤条和叶子上发现了紫莓锈病(Phragmidium violaceum),但重要性不大。毛茛(G. rubi)和抑郁草(S. depressula)主要在无刺品种中造成伤害,而米草草(P. sparsa)几乎只在无刺品种尼斯湖(Loch Ness)中发现。有刺品种和无刺品种均受到红刺草的危害。在温室中,主要的真菌问题是灰芽孢杆菌。
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Fungi occurring on aerial constituents of cultivated blackberry (Rubus fruticosus L.) in Norway.
Cultivated blackberry (Rubus fruticosus) was recently introduced in Norway, and most plantings were established in the 1990's. Many of these plantings died back or had severe damage on leaves and stems. Plant pathogens incombination with frost injury were suspected to be the cause of the damage. In 1998-99, field and greenhouse plantings of blackberry were surveyed for the occurrence of plant pathogenic and saprophytic fungi. A total of 33 different fungi were identified in 18 cultivars from 23 plantings (19 field and 4 greenhouse). Of these, 12 were pathogenic fungi, while 21 were non-pathogenic, secondary invaders. The most important pathogens on the canes were (common name in parenthesis) Septocyta ruborum (Purple blotch), Gnomonia rubi (Gnomonia canker) and Sydowiella depressula (Sydowiella canker). Pathogenic fungi of less importance on the canes were Elsinoe veneta (Anthracnose) and Coniothyrium fuckelii (Cane blight). Peronospora sparsa (Downy mildew) was the most important fungus attacking leaves. On fruits Botrytis cinerea (Grey mould) was the most prevalent pathogen. Cladosporium spp. (Cladosporium rot) and Penicillium spp. (Blue mould) were frequently observed on fruits, but did not seem to be of significant importance. Other minor fruit rots were due to Colletotrichum gloeosporioides (Bitter rot) and Mucor sp. (Mucor rot). Phragmidium violaceum (Blackberry rust) was found on canes and leaves, but was of minor importance. G. rubi and S. depressula caused damage mostly in the thornless cultivars, and P. sparsa was found almost exclusively in the thornless cultivar 'Loch Ness'. Both thorny and thornless cultivars were damaged by S. ruborum. In greenhouses the major fungal problem was B. cinerea.
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来源期刊
CiteScore
4.40
自引率
0.00%
发文量
56
审稿时长
2.3 months
期刊介绍: Acta Agriculturæ Scandinavica Section B publishes original research in applied soil and plant science with special attention given to to crop production in agri- and horticultural systems. We welcome manuscripts dealing with: Climate smart and sustainable crop production systems Water and nutrient efficiency Soil conservation and productivity Precise agriculture systems Applications of bio- and nanotechnology Digitalisation and robotics Soil-plant interactions Acta Agriculturæ Scandinavica, Section B – Soil & Plant Science forms part of a series of titles published on behalf of the Nordic Association of Agricultural Science (NJF). The series also includes Section A - Animal Science .
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