COVID-19患者心血管疾病发展规律(综述)

A. Shulga
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摘要

介绍。无论是在俄罗斯还是在大多数其他国家,心血管疾病仍然是导致死亡的主要原因,COVID-19患者的心血管疾病问题目前非常重要。目的总结新冠肺炎患者心血管疾病发展规律的文献资料。本文介绍了PubMed和谷歌Scholar数据库中关于COVID-19患者心血管疾病发展模式的文献综述。揭示了病毒刺突s蛋白与血管紧张素转换酶2在心血管和免疫系统调控机制中的致病关系。促炎细胞因子在心血管病理炎症和纤维化形成中的作用已经确定。展示了COVID-19背景下心血管系统的变化。本文阐述了SARS-CoV-2病毒与内皮细胞和心肌细胞相互作用的基本原理,以及导致COVID-19心血管病变的炎症反应机制。对COVID-19对心血管系统损害的当前数据的分析得出的结论是,尽管在这一研究领域取得了相当大的成就,但许多方面尚未完全了解,需要进一步研究。本综述的实际意义在于确定了预防COVID-19并发症的潜在治疗靶点,并扩大了诊断SARS-CoV-2的可能性。可能减少并发症以及相关死亡率的至关重要的是开发一种调节免疫反应的有效方法。
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Patterns of development of cardiovascular disorders in patients with COVID-19 (brief review)
Introduction. Cardiovascular diseases remain the leading cause of death, both in Russia and in most other countries, and the problem of cardiovascular disorders in patients with COVID-19 is currently extremely important.Aim. To summarize the literature data on patterns of development of cardiovascular disorders in patients with COVID-19.Results. The article presents a literature review of the PubMed and Google Scholar databases on the patterns of development of cardiovascular disorders in patients with COVID-19. The pathogenetic relationship of the viral spike S-protein with angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 in the mechanisms of regulation of the cardiovascular and immune systems was shown. The role of pro-inflammatory cytokines in the formation of inflammation and fibrosis in cardiovascular pathology has been determined. The changes in the cardiovascular system against the background of COVID-19 were demonstrated. The basic principles of the interaction of the SARS-CoV-2 virus with endotheliocytes and cardiomyocytes, the mechanisms of inflammatory reactions that underlie the development of cardiovascular pathology in COVID-19 are described.Conclusion. An analysis of current data regarding damage to the cardiovascular system in COVID-19 led to the conclusion that, despite considerable achievements in this field of research, many aspects are not fully understood and require further study. The practical significance of this review is determined in the identification of potential therapeutic targets for the prevention of complications in COVID-19, as well as in expanding the possibilities of diagnosing SARS-CoV-2. Probably the crucial importance to reduce complications, as well as associated mortality, is the development of an effective method for modulating the immune response.
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