广义相对论中的守恒和不守恒

H. Bondi
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引用次数: 97

摘要

讨论了广义相对论中守恒定律的困难,特别提到了引力能的非有形性质及其转化为有形形式的能量。能量的感应传递与波传递是完全不同的。在轴对称的情况下,利用缓慢(绝热)变化来说明,孤立物体的质量是守恒的,与任何局部变化(例如形状的变化)无关;在感应转移中,两个物体之间的能量运动可以很容易地通过它们质量的变化来追踪。
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Conservation and non-conservation in general relativity
The difficulties of conservation laws in general relativity are discussed, with special reference to the non-tangible nature of gravitational energy and its transformation into tangible forms of energy. Inductive transfer of energy is marked out as wholly distinct from wave transfer. Slow (adiabatic) changes are utilized to make clear, in the axi-symmetric case, that the mass of an isolated body is conserved irrespective of any local changes (e.g. of shape) and that in inductive transfer the movement of energy between two bodies can readily be traced by the changes in their masses.
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